University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, D-97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
Nutrients. 2022 Dec 24;15(1):95. doi: 10.3390/nu15010095.
Dietary factors probably play a role in the pathogenesis and clinical course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There is a paucity of specific dietary guidelines for RA patients and little information on their implementation in daily life. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the nutritional status and provision of nutritional education among outpatients with RA. Here, 61 patients were included with a sex ratio of 2.03 (f/m). Based on BMI, 22% of women were overweight and 32% obese, whereas 50% of men were overweight and 30% obese. Fasting blood and a 3-day estimated dietary record were collected. Additionally, patients were asked whether they had already received information about a specific diet as part of their disease treatment plan. Elevated total cholesterol levels were found in 76% of women and in 60% of men caused by increased non-HDL-C levels. The dietary intake assessment showed a lower self-reported intake of energy, polyunsaturated fat, carbohydrates, fiber, and several micronutrients than recommended. Regarding healthy eating, all patients reported familiarity with dietary recommendations, but found it difficult to implement the recommendations into their diets. These findings suggested that RA patients need more specific recommendations and education in clinical practice to improve the quality of their diet.
饮食因素可能在类风湿关节炎（RA）的发病机制和临床过程中起作用。RA 患者缺乏特定的饮食指南，关于其在日常生活中的实施情况的信息也很少。因此，本研究旨在确定 RA 门诊患者的营养状况和营养教育的提供情况。在这里，纳入了 61 名患者，男女比例为 2.03（女/男）。根据 BMI，22%的女性超重，32%肥胖，而 50%的男性超重，30%肥胖。采集了空腹血液和为期 3 天的估计饮食记录。此外，还询问了患者是否已经收到有关特定饮食的信息，作为其疾病治疗计划的一部分。女性中有 76%和男性中有 60%的总胆固醇水平升高，原因是非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高。饮食摄入评估显示，患者自我报告的能量、多不饱和脂肪、碳水化合物、纤维和几种微量营养素的摄入量低于推荐量。关于健康饮食，所有患者都表示熟悉饮食建议，但发现难以将这些建议纳入他们的饮食中。这些发现表明，RA 患者在临床实践中需要更具体的建议和教育，以提高他们的饮食质量。
