Ferrés Mataró J, Mangues Bafalluy M A, Farré Riba R, Juliá Brugues A, Bonal de Falgas J
Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital de la Santa Cruz y San Pablo, Barcelona.
An Esp Pediatr. 1987 Jul;27(1):37-40.
As a bronchodilator, inhaled salbutamol has been shown to be as pharmacologically effective as epinephrine. However the use of the pressurised aerosol is difficult for pediatric patients (mainly under the age of six). The use of spacers (inhalation chambers) could solve this problem. This study was undertaken to compare the clinical effectiveness and toxicity of these two drugs and to try to establish dosage schedules of inhaled salbutamol with spacer in the treatment of acute asthma. The study population consisted of 100 children who were admitted to the emergency room at our hospital with acute asthma. One group receives 0.01 mg/kg of epinephrine (A) (maximum 0.3 mg), the other two groups received inhaled salbutamol (S-1 = 4 puffs and S-2 = 7 puffs) in a period of 20 minutes. Clinical effectiveness was measured by the score of Wood-Downes at 0, 30 and 60 minutes; and no statistical differences were observed between the three groups. The clinical effectiveness was similar in the three groups and the side effects (especially the increase of heart rate) was higher in epinephrine group. Inhaled salbutamol is as effective as subcutaneous epinephrine in management of children in acute bronchoconstricting episodes with less side effects.
作为一种支气管扩张剂,吸入用沙丁胺醇已被证明在药理作用上与肾上腺素相当。然而,对于儿科患者(主要是六岁以下儿童)来说,使用压力气雾剂存在困难。使用储雾罐(吸入室)可以解决这个问题。本研究旨在比较这两种药物的临床疗效和毒性,并尝试确定使用储雾罐吸入沙丁胺醇治疗急性哮喘的给药方案。研究对象为我院急诊室收治的100例急性哮喘儿童。一组接受0.01mg/kg的肾上腺素(A组)(最大剂量0.3mg),另外两组在20分钟内接受吸入用沙丁胺醇(S-1组 = 4喷,S-2组 = 7喷)。通过在0、30和60分钟时的Wood-Downes评分来衡量临床疗效;三组之间未观察到统计学差异。三组的临床疗效相似,且肾上腺素组的副作用(尤其是心率加快)更高。在治疗儿童急性支气管痉挛发作时,吸入用沙丁胺醇与皮下注射肾上腺素同样有效,但副作用更少。