Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 11;13(1):538. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-27788-w.
We used smartphone technology to differentiate the gait characteristics of older adults with osteoporosis with falls from those without falls. We assessed gait mannerism and obtained activities of daily living (ADLs) with wearable sensor systems (smartphones and inertial measurement units [IMUs]) to identify fall-risk characteristics. We recruited 49 persons with osteoporosis: 14 who had a fall within a year before recruitment and 35 without falls. IMU sensor signals were sampled at 50 Hz using a customized smartphone app (Lockhart Monitor) attached at the pelvic region. Longitudinal data was collected using MoveMonitor+ (DynaPort) IMU over three consecutive days. Given the close association between serum calcium, albumin, PTH, Vitamin D, and musculoskeletal health, we compared these markers in individuals with history of falls as compared to nonfallers. For the biochemical parameters fall group had significantly lower calcium (P = 0.01*) and albumin (P = 0.05*) and higher parathyroid hormone levels (P = 0.002**) than nonfall group. In addition, persons with falls had higher sway area (P = 0.031*), lower dynamic stability (P < 0.001***), gait velocity (P = 0.012*), and were less able to perform ADLs (P = 0.002**). Thus, persons with osteoporosis with a history of falls can be differentiated by using dynamic real-time measurements that can be easily captured by a smartphone app, thus avoiding traditional postural sway and gait measures that require individuals to be tested in a laboratory setting.
我们使用智能手机技术来区分患有骨质疏松症和跌倒的老年人与没有跌倒的老年人的步态特征。我们评估了步态特征，并通过可穿戴传感器系统（智能手机和惯性测量单元 [IMU]）获得日常生活活动（ADL），以确定跌倒风险特征。我们招募了 49 名骨质疏松症患者：14 名在招募前一年内跌倒，35 名没有跌倒。使用定制的智能手机应用程序（Lockhart Monitor）将 IMU 传感器信号以 50 Hz 的频率采样到骨盆区域。使用 MoveMonitor+（DynaPort）IMU 在连续三天内收集纵向数据。鉴于血清钙、白蛋白、PTH、维生素 D 与肌肉骨骼健康之间的密切关联，我们比较了有跌倒史的个体与无跌倒史的个体的这些标志物。对于生化参数，跌倒组的钙（P=0.01*）和白蛋白（P=0.05*）显著降低，甲状旁腺激素水平（P=0.002**）显著升高。此外，跌倒组的摆动面积更大（P=0.031*），动态稳定性更低（P<0.001***），步态速度更慢（P=0.012*），并且更难以进行 ADL（P=0.002**）。因此，可以通过使用智能手机应用程序轻松捕获的动态实时测量来区分患有骨质疏松症和跌倒史的人，从而避免需要在实验室环境中进行测试的传统姿势摆动和步态测量。
