Tian Run, Shang Yingxu, Wang Yiming, Jiang Qiao, Ding Baoquan
CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Small Methods. 2023 May;7(5):e2201518. doi: 10.1002/smtd.202201518. Epub 2023 Jan 18.
The past few decades have witnessed the evolving paradigm for cancer therapy from nonspecific cytotoxic agents to selective, mechanism-based therapeutics, especially immunotherapy. In particular, the integration of nanomaterials with immunotherapy is proven to improve the therapeutic outcome and minimize off-target toxicity in the treatment. As a novel nanomaterial, DNA-based self-assemblies featuring uniform geometries, feasible modifications, programmability, surface addressability, versatility, and intrinsic biocompatibility, are extensively exploited for innovative and effective cancer immunotherapy. In this review, the successful employment of DNA nanoplatforms for cancer immunotherapy, including the delivery of immunogenic cell death inducers, adjuvants and vaccines, immune checkpoint blockers as well as the application in immune cell engineering and adoptive cell therapy is summarized. The remaining challenges and future perspectives regarding the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, in vivo fate and immunogenicity of DNA materials, and the design of intelligent DNA nanomedicine for individualized cancer immunotherapy are also discussed.
在过去几十年中，癌症治疗模式已从非特异性细胞毒性药物发展为选择性的、基于机制的疗法，尤其是免疫疗法。特别是，纳米材料与免疫疗法的结合已被证明可改善治疗效果，并在治疗中最大限度地减少脱靶毒性。作为一种新型纳米材料，基于DNA的自组装体具有均匀的几何形状、可行的修饰、可编程性、表面可寻址性、多功能性和内在生物相容性，被广泛用于创新和有效的癌症免疫治疗。在这篇综述中，总结了DNA纳米平台在癌症免疫治疗中的成功应用，包括免疫原性细胞死亡诱导剂、佐剂和疫苗的递送、免疫检查点阻断剂以及在免疫细胞工程和过继性细胞治疗中的应用。还讨论了关于DNA材料的药代动力学/药效学、体内命运和免疫原性以及用于个性化癌症免疫治疗的智能DNA纳米药物设计的剩余挑战和未来前景。
