Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Sci Data. 2023 Jan 19;10(1):40. doi: 10.1038/s41597-023-01959-w.
The Arctic is the region on Earth that is warming at the fastest rate. In addition to rising means of temperature-related variables, Arctic ecosystems are affected by increasingly frequent extreme weather events causing disturbance to Arctic ecosystems. Here, we introduce a new dataset of bioclimatic indices relevant for investigating the changes of Arctic terrestrial ecosystems. The dataset, called ARCLIM, consists of several climate and event-type indices for the northern high-latitude land areas > 45°N. The indices are calculated from the hourly ERA5-Land reanalysis data for 1950-2021 in a spatial grid of 0.1 degree (~9 km) resolution. The indices are provided in three subsets: (1) the annual values during 1950-2021; (2) the average conditions for the 1991-2020 climatology; and (3) temporal trends over 1951-2021. The 72-year time series of various climate and event-type indices draws a comprehensive picture of the occurrence and recurrence of extreme weather events and climate variability of the changing Arctic bioclimate.
北极是地球上变暖速度最快的地区。除了与温度相关的变量不断上升之外，北极生态系统还受到越来越频繁的极端天气事件的影响，这些事件扰乱了北极生态系统。在这里，我们引入了一个新的北极陆地生态系统变化研究相关的生物气候指数数据集，称为 ARCLIM。该数据集由几个与北部高纬度陆地地区（>45°N）相关的气候和事件类型指数组成。这些指数是根据 1950 年至 2021 年每小时的 ERA5-Land 再分析数据，在 0.1 度（~9km）的空间网格上计算得出的。这些指数分为三个子集提供：（1）1950-2021 年的年值；（2）1991-2020 年气候平均条件；（3）1951-2021 年的时间趋势。各种气候和事件类型指数的 72 年时间序列全面描绘了极端天气事件的发生和重现，以及不断变化的北极生物气候的可变性。
