Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St, 12411, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St, 12411, Giza, Egypt.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Jan 19;23(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-03839-7.
Trichinellosis, a zoonosis caused by the genus Trichinella, is a widespread foodborne disease. Albendazole, one of the benzimidazole derivatives, is used for treating human trichinellosis, but with limited efficacy in killing the encysted larvae and numerous adverse effects. Cyperus rotundus L. is a herbal plant with a wide range of medicinal uses, including antiparasitic, and is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat various illnesses.
LC-ESI-MS was used to identify the active phytoconstituents in the methanol extract (MeOH ext.) of the aerial parts of C. rotundus and its derivate fractions ethyl acetate (EtOAc fr.), petroleum ether (pet-ether fr.), and normal butanol (n-BuOH fr.). The in vivo therapeutic effects of C. rotundus fractions of the extracts were evaluated using the fraction that showed the most promising effect after detecting their in vitro anti-Trichinella spiralis potential.
C. rotundus extracts are rich in different phytochemicals, and the LC-ESI-MS of the 90% methanol extract identified 26 phenolic compounds classified as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and organic acids. The in vitro studies showed that C. rotundus extracts had a lethal effect on T. spiralis adults, and the LC were 156.12 µg/ml, 294.67 µg/ml, 82.09 µg/ml, and 73.16 µg/ml in 90% MeOH ext., EtOAc fr., pet-ether fr. and n-BuOH fr., respectively. The n-BuOH fr. was shown to have the most promising effects in the in vitro studies, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The in vivo effects of n-BuOH fr. alone and in combination with albendazole using a mouse model were evaluated by counting adults in the small intestine and larvae in the muscles, in addition to the histopathological changes in the small intestine and the muscles. In the treated groups, there was a significant decrease in the number of adults and larvae compared to the control group. Histopathologically, treated groups showed a remarkable improvement in the small intestine and muscle changes. Remarkably, maximal therapeutic effects were detected in the combination therapy compared to each monotherapy.
Accordingly, C. rotundus extracts may have anti-T. spiralis potential, particularly when combined with albendazole, and they may be used as synergistic to anti-T. spiralis medication therapy.
旋毛虫病是一种由旋毛虫属引起的动物源性传染病，是一种广泛流行的食源性疾病。阿苯达唑是苯并咪唑衍生物之一，用于治疗人类旋毛虫病，但对囊包幼虫的杀灭效果有限，且有许多不良反应。香附是一种药用植物，具有广泛的药用价值，包括驱虫作用，常用于传统医学治疗各种疾病。
采用 LC-ESI-MS 法鉴定香附地上部分甲醇提取物（MeOH ext.）及其衍生的乙酸乙酯（EtOAc fr.）、石油醚（pet-ether fr.）和正丁醇（n-BuOH fr.）部分中的活性植物成分。采用体外抗旋毛虫潜力检测后显示最有希望效果的部分，评估香附提取物的体内治疗效果。
香附提取物富含多种植物化学物质，90%甲醇提取物的 LC-ESI-MS 鉴定出 26 种酚类化合物，分为酚酸、黄酮类和有机酸。体外研究表明，香附提取物对旋毛虫成虫具有致死作用，LC 分别为 156.12µg/ml、294.67µg/ml、82.09µg/ml 和 73.16µg/ml，90% MeOH ext.、EtOAc fr.、pet-ether fr.和 n-BuOH fr.。n-BuOH fr.在体外研究中显示出最有希望的效果，扫描电子显微镜也证实了这一点。用小鼠模型单独评估 n-BuOH fr.以及与阿苯达唑联合应用的体内效果，通过计数小肠内成虫和肌肉内幼虫，以及观察小肠和肌肉的组织病理学变化。与对照组相比，治疗组成虫和幼虫数量显著减少。组织病理学检查显示，治疗组小肠和肌肉变化明显改善。与每种单药治疗相比，联合治疗组检测到最大的治疗效果。
因此，香附提取物可能具有抗旋毛虫的潜力，特别是与阿苯达唑联合使用时，可能可作为抗旋毛虫药物治疗的协同作用。
