Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793 022, India.
Parasitol Res. 2012 Jan;110(1):493-8. doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2551-9. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
Trichinellosis is a widespread zoonoses for which no effective drug treatment is available at this time. Though anthelmintics such as mebendazole and albendazole are commonly used to treat human trichinellosis, none of these drugs are fully effective against the encysted or new-born larvae of Trichinella spiralis. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in developing newer anthelminthics from medicinal plants, particularly the ones used in traditional medicines in many parts of the world, due to the increasing spread of anthelminthic resistance and/or decreasing activity against encapsulated larval stages of parasites. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of leaf extract of Lasia spinosa (Araceae) against different life cycle stages of T. spiralis, i.e. adult (days 3 and 4 post-infection), migrating larvae (days 8, 9 and 10 post-infection) and encysted muscle larvae (days 31-37 post-infection). The study showed that L. spinosa leaf extract is effective against all the three life cycle stages of parasite. Against the adult stage, an oral administration of plant extract at 800 mg/kg dose revealed a 75.30% reduction in the number of adult worms, as compared to untreated controls at day 10 post-infection. Whereas against migrating larvae, the same dose of plant extract given for 3 days, reduced the number of larvae recovered from musculature of treated animals by 72.23%. However, in comparison of preceding two stages, the extract showed comparatively less efficacy against the encysted larvae of parasite. In this case, the 800 mg/kg dose of extract given for 7 days (after 30 day of post-infection) revealed only 64.84% reduction in the number of encysted larvae, as was evident from larval count on day 49 post-infection. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that leaf extract of L. spinosa possesses significant anthelminthic efficacy against the adult stages and migrating larvae of T. spiralis. On the other hand, the encysted muscle larvae of parasite are comparatively less sensitive to L. spinosa leaf extract treatment.
旋花科植物犁头尖的叶提取物对旋毛虫不同生活周期阶段的疗效研究 旋毛虫病是一种广泛存在的人畜共患疾病，目前尚无有效的药物治疗方法。尽管阿苯达唑和甲苯达唑等驱虫药常用于治疗人类旋毛虫病，但这些药物对旋毛虫囊包幼虫或新生幼虫均不完全有效。近年来，由于驱虫药耐药性的增加和/或对寄生虫囊包幼虫阶段的活性降低，人们越来越感兴趣地从药用植物中开发新型驱虫药，特别是在世界许多地区传统医学中使用的植物。本研究的目的是研究犁头尖（天南星科）叶提取物对旋毛虫不同生活周期阶段的疗效，即成虫（感染后第 3 和第 4 天）、移行幼虫（感染后第 8、9 和 10 天）和囊包肌肉幼虫（感染后第 31-37 天）。研究表明，犁头尖叶提取物对寄生虫的所有三个生活周期阶段均有效。对成虫阶段，口服植物提取物 800mg/kg 剂量，与感染后第 10 天未治疗对照组相比，成虫数量减少了 75.30%。而对于移行幼虫，给予相同剂量的植物提取物连续 3 天，可使从处理动物肌肉中回收的幼虫数量减少 72.23%。然而，与前两个阶段相比，提取物对寄生虫囊包幼虫的疗效相对较低。在这种情况下，感染后第 30 天给予 800mg/kg 剂量的提取物 7 天，第 49 天感染后幼虫计数显示囊包幼虫数量减少 64.84%。因此，本研究结果表明，犁头尖叶提取物对旋毛虫的成虫阶段和移行幼虫具有显著的驱虫作用。另一方面，寄生虫的囊包肌肉幼虫对犁头尖叶提取物治疗的敏感性较低。
