Álvarez-Mercado Ana Isabel, Del Valle Cano Ana, Fernández Mariana F, Fontana Luis
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2, School of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Jan 10;15(2):443. doi: 10.3390/cancers15020443.
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and also one of the leading causes of mortality among women. The genetic and environmental factors known to date do not fully explain the risk of developing this disease. In recent years, numerous studies have highlighted the dual role of the gut microbiota in the preservation of host health and in the development of different pathologies, cancer among them. Our gut microbiota is capable of producing metabolites that protect host homeostasis but can also produce molecules with deleterious effects, which, in turn, may trigger inflammation and carcinogenesis, and even affect immunotherapy. The purpose of this review is to describe the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may cause cancer in general, and breast cancer in particular, and to compile clinical trials that address alterations or changes in the microbiota of women with breast cancer.
乳腺癌是最常被诊断出的癌症，也是女性主要的死亡原因之一。迄今为止已知的遗传和环境因素并不能完全解释患这种疾病的风险。近年来，大量研究强调了肠道微生物群在维持宿主健康以及在包括癌症在内的不同病理发展中的双重作用。我们的肠道微生物群能够产生保护宿主稳态的代谢物，但也能产生具有有害作用的分子，这些分子反过来可能引发炎症和致癌作用，甚至影响免疫治疗。本综述的目的是描述肠道微生物群一般情况下，尤其是乳腺癌中可能导致癌症的机制，并汇总针对乳腺癌女性微生物群改变或变化的临床试验。
