de Oliveira Mayara Souza, Pellenz Felipe Mateus, de Souza Bianca Marmontel, Crispim Daisy
Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil.
Metabolites. 2022 Dec 22;13(1):19. doi: 10.3390/metabo13010019.
Low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress are key mechanisms involved in obesity and related disorders. Polyphenols from blueberry (BB) and bilberries (BiB) might protect against oxidative damage and inflammation. To summarize the effects of BiB or BB consumption in parameters related to obesity and its comorbidities, a search of the literature was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library repositories to identify all studies that evaluated associations of whole BB or BiB with obesity and associated disorders. Thirty-one studies were eligible for inclusion in this review: eight clinical trials and 23 animal studies. In humans, BB consumption only consistently decreased oxidative stress and improved endothelial function. In rodents, BB or BiB consumption caused positive effects on glucose tolerance, nuclear factor-kappa B (Nf-κb) activity, oxidative stress, and triglyceride (TG) content in the liver and hepatic steatosis. The high content of anthocyanins present in BB and BiB seems to attenuate oxidative stress. The decrease in oxidative stress may have a positive impact on glucose tolerance and endothelial function. Moreover, in rodents, these berries seem to protect against hepatic steatosis, through the decreased accumulation of hepatic TGs. BB and BiB might also attenuate inflammation by decreasing Nf-κb activity and immune cell recruitment into the adipose tissue.
低度炎症和氧化应激是肥胖症及相关疾病的关键机制。蓝莓（BB）和欧洲越橘（BiB）中的多酚可能预防氧化损伤和炎症。为总结食用BiB或BB对肥胖症及其合并症相关参数的影响，我们在PubMed、Embase和Cochrane图书馆数据库中进行文献检索，以识别所有评估完整BB或BiB与肥胖症及相关疾病关联的研究。31项研究符合纳入本综述的条件：8项临床试验和23项动物研究。在人类中，食用BB仅能持续降低氧化应激并改善内皮功能。在啮齿动物中，食用BB或BiB对葡萄糖耐量、核因子-κB（Nf-κb）活性、氧化应激以及肝脏中的甘油三酯（TG）含量和肝脂肪变性产生了积极影响。BB和BiB中花青素的高含量似乎能减轻氧化应激。氧化应激的降低可能对葡萄糖耐量和内皮功能产生积极影响。此外，在啮齿动物中，这些浆果似乎通过减少肝脏TG的积累来预防肝脂肪变性。BB和BiB还可能通过降低Nf-κb活性和免疫细胞向脂肪组织的募集来减轻炎症。
