Emer Clara, Hildebrand Laura S, Friedrich Bernhard, Tietze Rainer, Fietkau Rainer, Distel Luitpold V
Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Jan 12;13(2):330. doi: 10.3390/nano13020330.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are being investigated for many purposes, e.g., for the amplification of ionizing radiation and for the targeted application of therapeutics. Therefore, we investigated SPIONs coated with (3-Aminopropyle)-Triethoxysilane (SPION-APTES) for their influence on different head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines, as well as for their suitability as a radiosensitizer. We used 24-well microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy for cell observation, growth curves to determine cytostatic effects, and colony formation assays to determine cytotoxicity. We found that the APTES-SPIONs were very well taken up by the HNSCC cells. They generally have a low cytotoxic effect, showing no significant difference in clonogenic survival between the control group and cells treated with 20 µg Fe/mL (p > 0.25) for all cell lines. They have a cytostatic effect on some cell lines cells (e.g., Cal33) that is visible across different radiation doses (1, 2, 8 Gy, p = 0.05). In Cal33, e.g., SPION-APTES raised the doubling time at 2 Gy from 24.53 h to 41.64 h. Importantly, these findings vary notably between the cell lines. However, they do not significantly alter the radiation effect: only one out of eight cell lines treated with SPION-APTES showed a significantly reduced clonogenic survival after ionizing radiation with 2 Gy, and only two showed significantly reduced doubling times. Thus, although the APTES-SPIONs do not qualify as a radiosensitizer, we were still able to vividly demonstrate and analyze the effect that the APTES-SPIONs have on various cell lines as a contribution to further functionalization.
超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（SPION）正被用于多种目的的研究，例如，用于增强电离辐射以及用于治疗药物的靶向应用。因此，我们研究了用（3-氨丙基）-三乙氧基硅烷包覆的SPION（SPION-APTES）对不同头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）细胞系的影响，以及其作为放射增敏剂的适用性。我们使用24孔显微镜和免疫荧光显微镜观察细胞，通过生长曲线确定细胞生长抑制作用，并通过集落形成试验确定细胞毒性。我们发现HNSCC细胞对APTES-SPION摄取良好。它们通常具有较低的细胞毒性作用，对于所有细胞系，对照组与用20μg Fe/mL处理的细胞之间的克隆形成存活率无显著差异（p>0.25）。它们对某些细胞系（如Cal33）具有细胞生长抑制作用，在不同辐射剂量（1、2、8 Gy）下均可见（p = 0.05）。例如，在Cal33细胞中，SPION-APTES使2 Gy时的倍增时间从24.53小时延长至41.64小时。重要的是，这些发现因细胞系而异。然而，它们并未显著改变辐射效应：在用2 Gy电离辐射处理的八个细胞系中，只有一个细胞系在用SPION-APTES处理后克隆形成存活率显著降低，只有两个细胞系的倍增时间显著缩短。因此，尽管APTES-SPION不符合放射增敏剂的标准，但我们仍能够清晰地证明并分析APTES-SPION对各种细胞系的影响，这有助于进一步的功能化研究。
