Alkhunizan Muath, Almasoud Nouf, Munia Abdulmowla Majd, Khalid Zoha
Family Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU.
Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Dec 21;14(12):e32765. doi: 10.7759/cureus.32765. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Background Osteoporosis is a disease of bone density. It makes bones fragile and easy to break. Fragility fractures can cause significant morbidity, mortality, poor quality of life, and financial stress on medical care. Osteoporosis is overlooked and undertreated. Saudi Arabia issued a national plan promoting the early diagnosis and management of osteoporosis. Few and old studies are available in Saudi Arabia estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis in the Saudi older adult population. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia among older adult patients. Methodology This retrospective cross-sectional study is based on data gathered from patients ≥60 years of age. Data were collected from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021, for patients who were attending family medicine clinics at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, who were screened using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Patients who have secondary causes of osteoporosis were excluded. Results A total of 1,302 patients were studied during the course of data collection. The mean age was 68.26. Out of the studied subjects, 75% were female and 25% were males. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 8.2% and 11.8% in femoral and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) results, respectively. The prevalence of osteopenia based on femoral and lumbar BMD results was 50.2% and 41.2%, respectively. Conclusion Osteoporosis and osteopenia are prevalent in the Saudi older adult population. Multiple clinical characteristics have been associated with low bone density disease. Thus, it is important to reinforce primary care physicians' efforts for early screening and treatment of the Saudi older adult population based on their clinical and demographic risk factors.
骨质疏松症是一种骨密度疾病。它会使骨骼变得脆弱且易于骨折。脆性骨折可导致严重的发病率、死亡率、生活质量下降以及医疗护理的经济压力。骨质疏松症常被忽视且治疗不足。沙特阿拉伯发布了一项促进骨质疏松症早期诊断和管理的国家计划。沙特阿拉伯针对沙特老年人群中骨质疏松症患病率的研究较少且年代久远。本研究的目的是测量老年患者中骨质疏松症和骨质减少的患病率。
这项回顾性横断面研究基于从60岁及以上患者收集的数据。数据收集时间为2016年1月1日至2021年12月31日，对象是在沙特阿拉伯利雅得法赫德国王专科医院及研究中心的家庭医学诊所就诊、并使用双能X线吸收法（DEXA）进行筛查的患者。排除患有继发性骨质疏松症病因的患者。
在数据收集过程中，共研究了1302名患者。平均年龄为68.26岁。在所研究的对象中，75%为女性，25%为男性。股骨和腰椎骨密度（BMD）结果中骨质疏松症的患病率分别为8.2%和11.8%。基于股骨和腰椎BMD结果的骨质减少患病率分别为50.2%和41.2%。
骨质疏松症和骨质减少在沙特老年人群中普遍存在。多种临床特征与低骨密度疾病相关。因此，根据沙特老年人群的临床和人口统计学风险因素，加强初级保健医生对其进行早期筛查和治疗的工作非常重要。
