生物材料介导的免疫系统工程
Biomaterials-Mediated Engineering of the Immune System.
机构信息
Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; email:
Departments of Biological Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
出版信息
Annu Rev Immunol. 2023 Apr 26;41:153-179. doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101721-040259. Epub 2023 Jan 25.
Modulation of the immune system is an important therapeutic strategy in a wide range of diseases, and is fundamental to the development of vaccines. However, optimally safe and effective immunotherapy requires precision in the delivery of stimulatory cues to the right cells at the right place and time, to avoid toxic overstimulation in healthy tissues or incorrect programming of the immune response. To this end, biomaterials are being developed to control the location, dose, and timing of vaccines and immunotherapies. Here we discuss fundamental concepts of how biomaterials are used to enhance immune modulation, and evidence from preclinical and clinical studies of how biomaterials-mediated immune engineering can impact the development of new therapeutics. We focus on immunological mechanisms of action and in vivo modulation of the immune system, and we also discuss challenges to be overcome to speed translation of these technologies to the clinic.
免疫系统的调节是广泛疾病治疗的重要策略，也是疫苗发展的基础。然而，为了实现最佳的安全性和有效性，免疫疗法需要精确地将刺激信号递送到正确的细胞，在正确的位置和时间，以避免在健康组织中产生毒性的过度刺激或免疫反应的错误编程。为此，正在开发生物材料来控制疫苗和免疫疗法的位置、剂量和时间。在这里，我们讨论了生物材料如何用于增强免疫调节的基本概念，以及临床前和临床研究中生物材料介导的免疫工程如何影响新疗法的发展的证据。我们重点讨论了免疫作用机制和体内免疫系统的调节，还讨论了为加快这些技术向临床转化而需要克服的挑战。
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