Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center (location VUmc), De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Commun Biol. 2023 Jan 25;6(1):100. doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-04455-4.
Human milk contains SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination. These milk antibodies decrease several months post-vaccination. Whether booster immunization restores human milk antibody levels, potentially offering prolonged passive immunity for the infant, remains unknown. In this prospective follow-up study, we investigated the longitudinal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk of 26 lactating women who received a COVID-19 booster dose of an mRNA-based vaccine. Moreover, we evaluated whether the booster-induced human milk antibody response differs for participants who received a similar or different vaccine type in their primary vaccination series. All participants (100%) who received a homologous booster vaccination showed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in their milk. Heterologous booster vaccination resulted in milk conversion for 9 (69%) and 13 (100%) participants for IgA and IgG respectively. Findings of this study indicate that both homologous and heterologous boosting schedules have the potential to enhance SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG in human milk.
人乳中含有 COVID-19 疫苗接种后针对 SARS-CoV-2 的特异性抗体。这些乳中的抗体在接种疫苗后几个月会下降。加强免疫是否会恢复人乳抗体水平，从而为婴儿提供潜在的延长被动免疫，目前仍不清楚。在这项前瞻性随访研究中，我们调查了 26 名哺乳期妇女接种 mRNA 疫苗加强针后人乳中 SARS-CoV-2 特异性抗体的纵向反应。此外，我们评估了在初级疫苗接种系列中接受类似或不同疫苗类型的参与者，其加强针诱导的人乳抗体反应是否存在差异。所有接受同源加强针接种的参与者（100%）的人乳中均显示出针对 SARS-CoV-2 的免疫球蛋白 A（IgA）和免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）。异源加强针接种使 9 名（69%）和 13 名（100%）参与者的人乳中分别出现 IgA 和 IgG 转换。本研究结果表明，同源和异源加强免疫方案均有可能增强人乳中针对 SARS-CoV-2 的 IgA 和 IgG。
