Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, 1200 S. Horseshoe Dr., Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Skeen Hall, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 30;13(1):1705. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28820-9.
Cases of mosquito- and tick-borne diseases are rising worldwide. Repellent products can protect individual users from being infected by such diseases. In a previous study, we identified five essential oils that display long-distance mosquito repellency using a Y-tube olfactometer assay. In the current study, the contact repellent efficacy of 20 active ingredients from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Minimum Risk Pesticides list were tested using Aedes aegypti and Ixodes scapularis. We utilized an arm-in-cage assay to measure complete protection time from mosquito bites for these active ingredients. To measure tick repellency, we used an EPA-recommended procedure to measure the complete protection time from tick crossings. We found that of the 20 ingredients tested, 10% v/v lotion emulsions with clove oil or cinnamon oil provided the longest protection from both mosquito bites and tick crossings. We conclude that in a 10% v/v emulsion, specific active ingredients from the EPA Minimum Risk Pesticides list can provide complete protection from mosquito bites and tick crossings for longer than one hour.
全球范围内的蚊媒和蜱媒疾病病例正在上升。驱虫产品可以保护个体使用者免受此类疾病的感染。在之前的一项研究中，我们使用 Y 型嗅觉计试验鉴定了五种具有远距离驱蚊效果的精油。在当前的研究中，我们测试了美国环保署（EPA）最低风险农药清单中的 20 种活性成分对埃及伊蚊和肩突硬蜱的接触驱避效果。我们利用臂入笼试验来测量这些活性成分对蚊虫叮咬的完全保护时间。为了测量蜱虫驱避效果，我们使用 EPA 推荐的程序来测量从蜱虫通过的完全保护时间。我们发现，在所测试的 20 种成分中，10%的丁香油或肉桂油乳液提供了最长的保护时间，可防止蚊虫叮咬和蜱虫通过。我们的结论是，在 10%的乳液中，EPA 最低风险农药清单中的特定活性成分可以提供长达一小时以上的蚊虫叮咬和蜱虫通过的完全保护。
