Sorg Heiko, Hauser Jörg, Bagheri Mahsa, Ehlers Jan Peter, Leifeld Irini Helena, Fuchs Paul Christian, Tilkorn Daniel Johannes, Sorg Christian Günter Georg
Lehrstuhl für Didaktik und Bildungsforschung im Gesundheitswesen, Universität Witten/Herdecke Fakultät für Gesundheit, Witten.
Abteilung für Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Plastische Chirurgie, Marien Hospital Witten, Witten.
Gesundheitswesen. 2023 Aug;85(8-09):697-705. doi: 10.1055/a-1974-8423. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
For female and male physicians of the clinical-academic mid-level staff, working conditions as well as the attitude towards profession and career play a decisive role. For years, there has been an increasing proportion of women in medicine. Despite this increase, a significant sex incongruence is still evident, especially in academic medicine. The aim of this work was to analyze current opinions of female and male physicians on sex-related aspects for career.
By means of an online survey, medical mid-level staff from university and peripheral hospitals were asked about professional biographical as well as career-related topics and the data analyzed in terms of the sexes.
Compared to their male counterparts, female physicians had lower career goals and mainly aimed to qualify as senior physicians. Women planned to have families and raise children earlier in their careers. Men were more likely to have their professional careers in mind during the same time period. Although only just under 47% of respondents considered an academic career to be worthwhile, 65% continued to rate the acquisition of an academic title highly. When evaluating equal treatment by superiors, female physicians tended to feel disadvantaged in their professional careers compared to male physicians. Thus, physicians rated the treatment by their respective superiors as characterized by the quality of the work (44% for both genders of superiors) or dependent on sympathy (female superiors 30%; male superiors 24%). Female physicians, however, saw a preference for male colleagues in 37% of male superiors.
Despite a significantly larger proportion of women in medicine for decades, there is still an incongruence in sexes in favor of men in management positions. The professional and private goals of women and men differ significantly depending on their age decade. The academic career per se is increasingly losing importance, although the acquisition of academic degrees still seems to be desirable. Therefore, to improve the future of academic medicine, significant structural changes are needed to enable projectable career paths (e. g., tenure track, assistant professorship, young medical professionals model) for mid-level academic staff.
对于临床学术中级职称的女性和男性医生而言，工作条件以及对职业和事业的态度起着决定性作用。多年来，医学领域女性所占比例一直在增加。尽管有这种增长，但明显的性别差异仍然存在，尤其是在学术医学领域。这项研究的目的是分析女性和男性医生对与职业相关的性别问题的当前看法。
通过在线调查，询问了来自大学和周边医院的医学中级职称人员有关职业经历以及与职业相关的话题，并按性别对数据进行了分析。
与男性同行相比，女性医生的职业目标较低，主要目标是成为主任医师。女性计划在职业生涯早期组建家庭并抚养孩子。男性在同一时期更倾向于专注于自己的职业生涯。尽管只有不到47%的受访者认为学术职业是值得的，但65%的人仍然高度重视获得学术头衔。在评估上级的平等待遇时，与男性医生相比，女性医生往往觉得自己在职业生涯中处于不利地位。因此，医生们认为上级的待遇取决于工作质量（上级中男女比例均为44%）或个人喜好（女上级为30%；男上级为24%）。然而，37%的女性医生认为男上级更偏爱男同事。
尽管几十年来医学领域女性比例显著增加，但在管理职位上仍然存在有利于男性的性别差异。女性和男性的职业和个人目标因年龄阶段的不同而有显著差异。学术职业本身的重要性日益降低，尽管获得学术学位似乎仍然很有必要。因此，为了改善学术医学的未来，需要进行重大的结构变革，以便为中级学术人员提供可规划的职业道路（例如，终身教职、助理教授职位、年轻医学专业人员模式）。
