Mattes André, Mück Markus, Stahl Jutta
Department of Individual Differences and Psychological Assessment, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Personal Neurosci. 2023 Jan 11;5:e12. doi: 10.1017/pen.2022.3. eCollection 2023.
Perfectionists strive for a flawless performance because they are intrinsically motivated to set and achieve high goals (personal standards perfectionism; PSP) and/or because they are afraid to be negatively evaluated by others (evaluative concern perfectionism; ECP). We investigated the differential relationships of these perfectionism dimensions with performance, post-response adaptation, error processing (reflected by two components of the event-related potential: error/correct negativity - Ne/c; error/correct positivity - Pe/c) and error detection. In contrast to previous studies, we employed a task with increased response selection complexity providing more room for perfectionistic dispositions to manifest themselves. Although ECP was related to indicators of increased preoccupation with errors, high-EC perfectionists made more errors than low-EC perfectionists. This observation may be explained by insufficient early error processing as indicated by a reduced Ne/c effect and a lack of post-response adaptation. PSP had a moderating effect on the relationship between ECP and early error processing. Our results provide evidence that pure-EC perfectionists may spend many of their cognitive resources on error-related contents and worrying, leaving less capacity for cognitive control and thus producing a structural lack of error processing.
完美主义者追求完美表现，因为他们出于内在动机设定并实现高目标（个人标准完美主义；PSP），和/或因为他们害怕被他人负面评价（评价关注完美主义；ECP）。我们研究了这些完美主义维度与表现、反应后适应、错误处理（由事件相关电位的两个成分反映：错误/正确负波 - Ne/c；错误/正确正波 - Pe/c）以及错误检测之间的差异关系。与先前研究不同，我们采用了一个反应选择复杂性增加的任务，为完美主义倾向的表现提供了更多空间。尽管ECP与对错误过度关注的指标相关，但高EC完美主义者比低EC完美主义者犯的错误更多。这一观察结果可能是由于早期错误处理不足，如Ne/c效应降低和反应后适应缺乏所表明的那样。PSP对ECP与早期错误处理之间的关系具有调节作用。我们的结果表明，纯粹的EC完美主义者可能会将许多认知资源花费在与错误相关的内容和担忧上，从而减少了认知控制的能力，进而导致结构性的错误处理不足。
