Alharbi Azzah S, Altwaim Sarah A, Alharbi Ali S, Alsulami Salhah
Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU.
Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Jan 1;15(1):e33211. doi: 10.7759/cureus.33211. eCollection 2023 Jan.
In addition to developing effective therapeutic approaches, the maintenance of health also constitutes lifestyle and behavioral aspects related to being more resilient in the event of future illness. Reduced immune health has been linked to reports of more frequent and severe infections as well as a variety of non-communicable diseases, both of which may eventually place a significant burden on the healthcare system. Several lifestyles and behaviors can influence immune health, both positively and negatively. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the immune health status and investigate its relationship with widely practiced lifestyle behaviors that are thought to affect immunological functioning.
Saudi Arabian citizens and international residents of the Western Province were invited to participate in this cross-sectional web-based survey through an online advertisement. The integrated questionnaire on lifestyle (Arab Teens Lifestyle Study) and immune health status (Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ)) was completed in November 2022 by 1230 participants. Descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square, or Fisher's exact test was utilized to investigate the relationships between study variables and immune health status groups. Spearman's or Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to determine correlations between the overall ISQ scores and study variables.
Of the 925 study participants, 34.7% scored below 6 on the ISQ. Of the respondents, 50% had a body mass index of 25 or higher, and 46.3% reported sleeping less than four hours each night. Of the participants, 62-82% did not engage in any form of physical activity. The associations between the ISQ score and weight (p = 0.006), total sleep time per night (p = 0.001), duration of household activities (p < 0.001), and smoking status (p = 0.001) were statistically significant.
According to the data presented here, reduced immune health as measured by ISQ < 6 was prevalent among residents of Saudi Arabia's Western Province and correlated significantly with obesity, sleep duration, and smoking status. Various measures to mitigate the negative impact of an unhealthy lifestyle on public health and to reverse the observed poor immune health and their economic consequences are highly required.
除了开发有效的治疗方法外，保持健康还包括生活方式和行为方面，即在未来患病时更具恢复力。免疫健康下降与更频繁、更严重的感染以及多种非传染性疾病的报告有关，这两者最终都可能给医疗系统带来巨大负担。几种生活方式和行为会对免疫健康产生积极或消极的影响。因此，本研究旨在评估免疫健康状况，并调查其与被认为会影响免疫功能的广泛存在的生活方式行为之间的关系。
通过在线广告邀请沙特阿拉伯公民和西部省份的国际居民参与这项基于网络的横断面调查。1230名参与者于2022年11月完成了关于生活方式（阿拉伯青少年生活方式研究）和免疫健康状况（免疫状态问卷（ISQ））的综合问卷。采用描述性分析、曼-惠特尼U检验、卡方检验或费舍尔精确检验来研究研究变量与免疫健康状况组之间的关系。使用斯皮尔曼或皮尔逊相关系数来确定ISQ总分与研究变量之间的相关性。
在925名研究参与者中，34.7%的人在ISQ上得分低于6分。在受访者中，50%的人体重指数为25或更高，46.3%的人报告每晚睡眠不足四小时。在参与者中，62%至82%的人没有进行任何形式的体育活动。ISQ得分与体重（p = 0.006）、每晚总睡眠时间（p = 0.001）、家务活动时长（p < 0.001）和吸烟状况（p = 0.001）之间的关联具有统计学意义。
根据此处提供的数据，在沙特阿拉伯西部省份的居民中，以ISQ < 6衡量的免疫健康下降情况普遍存在，并且与肥胖、睡眠时间和吸烟状况显著相关。迫切需要采取各种措施来减轻不健康生活方式对公众健康的负面影响，并扭转观察到的免疫健康不佳状况及其经济后果。
