Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, LondonWC2A 2AE, England.
United Nations Children's Fund Regional Office for the Middle East and North Africa, Amman, Jordan.
Bull World Health Organ. 2023 Feb 1;101(2):111-120. doi: 10.2471/BLT.22.288655. Epub 2022 Dec 1.
To study the link between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination status and adherence to public health and social measures in Members of the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Algeria.
We analysed two rounds of a large, cross-country, repeated cross-sectional mobile phone survey in June-July 2021 and October-November 2021. The rounds included 14 287 and 14 131 respondents, respectively, from 23 countries and territories. Questions covered knowledge, attitudes and practices around COVID-19, and demographic, employment, health and vaccination status. We used logit modelling to analyse the link between self-reported vaccination status and individuals' practice of mask wearing, physical distancing and handwashing. We used propensity score matching as a robustness check.
Overall, vaccinated respondents (8766 respondents in round 2) were significantly more likely to adhere to preventive measures than those who were unvaccinated (5297 respondents in round 2). Odds ratios were 1.5 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.3-1.8) for mask wearing; 1.5 (95% CI: 1.3-1.7) for physical distancing; and 1.2 (95% CI: 1.0-1.4) for handwashing. Similar results were found on analysing subsamples of low- and middle-income countries. However, in high-income countries, where vaccination coverage is high, there was no significant link between vaccination and preventive practices. The association between vaccination status and adherence to public health advice was sustained over time, even though self-reported vaccination coverage tripled over 5 months (19.4% to 62.3%; weighted percentages).
Individuals vaccinated against COVID-19 maintained their adherence to preventive health measures. Nevertheless, reinforcement of public health messages is important for the public's continued compliance with preventive measures.
研究 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗接种状况与东地中海区域和阿尔及利亚成员国遵守公共卫生和社会措施之间的关联。
我们分析了 2021 年 6 月至 7 月和 2021 年 10 月至 11 月进行的两轮大型跨国重复横断面手机调查。两轮调查分别纳入了来自 23 个国家和地区的 14287 名和 14131 名受访者。问题涵盖了 COVID-19 相关的知识、态度和做法，以及人口统计学、就业、健康和疫苗接种状况。我们使用逻辑回归模型分析了自我报告的疫苗接种状况与个人戴口罩、保持身体距离和洗手习惯之间的联系。我们使用倾向评分匹配作为稳健性检查。
总体而言，接种疫苗的受访者（第二轮中有 8766 名受访者）比未接种疫苗的受访者（第二轮中有 5297 名受访者）更有可能采取预防措施。戴口罩的优势比为 1.5（95%置信区间，CI：1.3-1.8）；保持身体距离的优势比为 1.5（95%CI：1.3-1.7）；洗手的优势比为 1.2（95%CI：1.0-1.4）。在分析中低收入国家的子样本时也得到了类似的结果。然而，在疫苗接种率较高的高收入国家，疫苗接种与预防措施之间没有显著关联。即使自我报告的疫苗接种覆盖率在 5 个月内增加了两倍（从 19.4%增至 62.3%；加权百分比），疫苗接种状况与遵守公共卫生建议之间的关联仍然持续存在。
接种 COVID-19 疫苗的个体保持了对预防保健措施的遵守。然而，强化公共卫生信息对公众继续遵守预防措施仍然很重要。
