Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Department of Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland.
Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Department of Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland.
Biomater Adv. 2023 Mar;146:213317. doi: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213317. Epub 2023 Jan 28.
3D printing is a promising technique for obtaining bone implants. However, 3D printed bone implants, especially those printed using fused deposition modelling, are still in the experimental phase despite decades of work. Research on new materials faces numerous limitations, such as reagents' cost and machines' high prices to produce filaments for 3D printing polymer-ceramic composites for fused deposition modelling. This paper presents a simple, low-cost, and fast method of obtaining polymer-ceramic filaments using apparatus consisting of parts available in a hardware store. The method's versatility for producing the filaments was demonstrated on two different biodegradable polymers - polylactic acid and polycaprolactone - and different concentrations of calcium phosphate - β-tricalcium phosphate - in the composite, up to 50 % by weight. For screening purposes, numerous scaffolds were 3D printed from the obtained filaments on a commercial 3D printer. Structural, mechanical, and biological tests show that the 3D printed scaffolds are suitable for bone implants, as their structure, mechanical, and non-cytotoxic properties are evident. Moreover, the proposed method of composite forming is a simplification of the processes of manufacturing and researching 3D printed materials with potential applications in the regeneration of bone tissue.
3D 打印是获取骨植入物的一种很有前途的技术。然而，尽管经过了几十年的研究，3D 打印的骨植入物，特别是使用熔丝制造技术打印的植入物，仍处于实验阶段。新材料的研究面临着许多限制，例如试剂的成本和用于制造 3D 打印聚合物-陶瓷复合材料的熔丝的机器价格高昂。本文提出了一种简单、低成本、快速的方法，使用由五金店中可用的部件组成的设备来获得聚合物-陶瓷长丝。该方法在两种不同的可生物降解聚合物（聚乳酸和聚己内酯）和不同浓度的磷酸钙-β-磷酸三钙复合材料中表现出了通用性，复合材料的重量比高达 50%。为了进行筛选，从获得的长丝在商业 3D 打印机上打印了许多支架。结构、机械和生物学测试表明，3D 打印的支架适合用作骨植入物，因为它们的结构、机械和非细胞毒性特性明显。此外，所提出的复合材料形成方法简化了具有潜在应用于骨组织再生的 3D 打印材料的制造和研究过程。
