Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jan 19;14:1069164. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1069164. eCollection 2023.
Prevalence and subsequent conditions of childhood and adolescent obesity are increasing. It has been seen that obesity in youth is associated with adulthood cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled association of childhood obesity with cancers in adulthood.
In this systematic review, international electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched using relevant keywords until February 2022. All Cohort studies assessing the association of childhood and adolescent obesity (under 18 years old) with the incidence and mortality of all types of cancers were included. Two independent reviewers screened and carried out the quality assessment of included studies. Between-studies heterogeneity was assessed using the I squared and Cochran's Q tests. Random/fixed-effect meta-analyses were used to pool the appropriate effect sizes (Hazard ratios (HR)).
Overall, 46 studies were found to be relevant and were included in this study. Based on the random-effects model meta-analysis, childhood obesity increased the hazard of cancer incidence and mortality in adulthood by 33% (HR: 1.33, 95%CI (1.25, 1.41)) and by 28% (HR: 1.28, 95%CI (1.13, 1.42)), respectively. In the subgroups meta-analysis, the HR of childhood obesity and adulthood cancer incidence mortality in women was higher than in men (HR=1.39, 95%CI (1.25, 1.53) vs HR= 1.20, 95%CI (1.07, 1.32)) and (HR= 1.40, 95%CI (1.10, 1.69) vs HR=1.20, 95%CI (1.04, 1.36)) respectively.
This study found that obesity in childhood and adolescence is associated with a significant increase in the incidence and mortality of cancers in adulthood. Prevention of childhood obesity, in addition to its short-term beneficial effects, can reduce the burden of cancer in adulthood. The data sets of this study are present in the Tables of the current manuscript. Moreover this study was registered online in PROSPERO (registration code: CRD42022331958).
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/Prospero/, identifier CRD42022331958.
儿童和青少年肥胖的流行率及其后续疾病呈上升趋势。已有研究表明，青少年肥胖与成年期癌症有关。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在确定儿童肥胖与成年期癌症的综合关联。
本系统评价中，我们使用相关关键词检索了国际电子数据库，如 Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science 和 EMBASE，检索时间截至 2022 年 2 月。所有评估儿童和青少年肥胖（18 岁以下）与所有类型癌症发病率和死亡率相关性的队列研究均被纳入。两位独立的审查员筛选并对纳入研究进行了质量评估。使用 I 平方和 Cochrane's Q 检验评估研究间异质性。采用随机/固定效应荟萃分析汇总适当的效应大小（风险比（HR））。
总体而言，有 46 项研究被认为与本研究相关，并被纳入本研究。基于随机效应模型荟萃分析，儿童肥胖使成年期癌症发病率和死亡率的发生风险分别增加了 33%（HR：1.33，95%CI（1.25，1.41））和 28%（HR：1.28，95%CI（1.13，1.42））。在亚组荟萃分析中，女性儿童肥胖与成年期癌症发病率和死亡率的 HR 高于男性（HR=1.39，95%CI（1.25，1.53）vs HR=1.20，95%CI（1.07，1.32））和（HR=1.40，95%CI（1.10，1.69）vs HR=1.20，95%CI（1.04，1.36））。
本研究发现，儿童和青少年时期的肥胖与成年期癌症发病率和死亡率的显著增加有关。除了短期有益效果外，预防儿童肥胖可以降低成年期癌症的负担。本研究的数据集中于本文的表格中。此外，本研究已在 PROSPERO（注册号：CRD42022331958）在线注册。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/Prospero/，注册号 CRD42022331958。
