Stenseng Frode, Steinsholt Ingvild Bredvei, Hygen Beate Wold, Kraft Pål
Department of Education and Lifelong Learning, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Oslo University College, Oslo, Norway.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jan 25;13:1035196. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1035196. eCollection 2022.
Escapism is a fundamental motivation in many forms of activity engagements. At its core, is "a habitual diversion of the mind … as an escape from reality or routine". Accordingly, escapism may entail many adaptive and maladaptive psychological antecedents, covariates, and outcomes. However, few studies have been conducted on escapism as a motivational mindset in running. Here, in a sample of recreational runners ( = 227), we applied a two-dimensional model of escapism, comprising (adaptive escapism) and (maladaptive escapism), and examined how they were related to exercise dependence and subjective well-being. First, confirmatory factor analyses showed that the escapism dimensions were highly diversifiable in the sample. Then, correlational analyses showed that self-expansion was positively correlated to subjective well-being, whereas self-suppression was negatively related to well-being. Self-suppression was more strongly related to exercise dependence compared to self-expansion. Finally, path analyses evidenced an explanatory role of self-expansion and self-suppression in the inverse relationship between exercise dependence and well-being. In conclusion, the present findings support escapism as a relevant framework for understanding the relationship between exercise dependence in running and subjective well-being.
逃避主义是许多形式的活动参与中的一种基本动机。其核心是“一种习惯性的思维转移……作为对现实或日常的逃避”。因此，逃避主义可能涉及许多适应性和适应不良的心理前因、协变量和结果。然而，很少有研究将逃避主义作为跑步中的一种动机心态进行探讨。在此，在一个休闲跑步者样本（n = 227）中，我们应用了一个二维逃避主义模型，包括自我扩展（适应性逃避主义）和自我抑制（适应不良性逃避主义），并研究了它们与运动依赖和主观幸福感之间的关系。首先，验证性因素分析表明，逃避主义维度在样本中具有高度可区分性。然后，相关性分析表明，自我扩展与主观幸福感呈正相关，而自我抑制与幸福感呈负相关。与自我扩展相比，自我抑制与运动依赖的关系更强。最后，路径分析证明了自我扩展和自我抑制在运动依赖与幸福感之间的反向关系中具有解释作用。总之，本研究结果支持将逃避主义作为理解跑步运动依赖与主观幸福感之间关系的一个相关框架。
