Li Tianzhu, Zhou Jie, Li Jianming
College of Horticulture, Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China.
Hortic Res. 2022 Nov 21;10(2):uhac257. doi: 10.1093/hr/uhac257. eCollection 2023 Feb.
The environment significantly impacts the interaction between plants and pathogens, thus remarkably affecting crop disease occurrence. However, the detailed combined mechanisms of temperature and humidity influencing this interaction remain unclear. In this study, the interaction between tomato and in various temperature and humidity conditions was analyzed by histological observation and a dual RNA-seq approach. Results showed that low humidity was not favorable for mycelial growth, resulting in infection failure. Both high and low temperatures at high humidity successfully inhibited pathogenic infection and disease incidence in the tomato plants, thus enhancing their resistance to . The high temperature and high humidity (HH) treatment induced the upregulation of light reaction genes, increased the net photosynthetic rate, and expanded the chloroplast morphology of infected tomatoes. The HH treatment also inhibited the expression of cell cycle-related genes of , interfered with conidial germination and mycelial growth, and damaged mycelial cell structure. Low temperature and high humidity (LH) treatment induced the expression of cell wall modification genes and remodeled the cell wall morphology of tomatoes in response to . In addition, the downregulated fungal catabolic genes and the abnormal increase in electron density of mycelial cells under LH treatment subsequently reduced the infection ability of . These results further explain the coupled effects of temperature and humidity on plant defenses and pathogen virulence, and provide a potential means to control gray mold.
环境对植物与病原体之间的相互作用有显著影响，从而显著影响作物病害的发生。然而，温度和湿度影响这种相互作用的详细联合机制仍不清楚。在本研究中，通过组织学观察和双RNA测序方法分析了番茄与[病原体名称未给出]在不同温度和湿度条件下的相互作用。结果表明，低湿度不利于菌丝生长，导致感染失败。高湿度下的高温和低温均成功抑制了番茄植株的病原感染和发病率，从而增强了它们对[病原体名称未给出]的抗性。高温高湿（HH）处理诱导了光反应基因的上调，提高了净光合速率，并使受感染番茄的叶绿体形态扩大。HH处理还抑制了[病原体名称未给出]细胞周期相关基因的表达，干扰了分生孢子萌发和菌丝生长，并破坏了菌丝细胞结构。低温高湿（LH）处理诱导了细胞壁修饰基因的表达，并重塑了番茄响应[病原体名称未给出]的细胞壁形态。此外，LH处理下真菌分解代谢基因的下调和菌丝细胞电子密度的异常增加随后降低了[病原体名称未给出]的感染能力。这些结果进一步解释了温度和湿度对植物防御和病原体毒力的耦合作用，并提供了一种控制灰霉病的潜在方法。
