Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Infectious Disease, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 26;11:1017967. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1017967. eCollection 2023.
There is a high incidence of both smoking and tuberculosis (TB) in China. This study examined the risk factors for severe pulmonary TB (PTB) and positive tubercle bacilli in sputum.
We conducted a retrospective case-control study in a tertiary hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 ( = 917). The clinical and biological characteristics of patients were collected, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with smoking in terms of the severity and transmission of PTB.
Positive tubercle bacilli in sputum and severe PTB were much higher in smoking patients. Together with nutrition status, heavy smoking exhibited a 284% greater risk in severe PTB. Positive tubercle bacilli in sputum was significantly associated with hypoproteinemia and smoking regardless of the status, duration, and degree.
Because cigarette smoking was strongly and inversely associated with hypoproteinemia, we conclude that smoking plays a critical role in the severity and transmission of PTB. Smoking cessation interventions should be employed to prevent severe PTB and decrease the transmission of PTB.
中国的吸烟和结核病（TB）发病率都很高。本研究旨在探讨严重肺结核（PTB）和痰中结核分枝杆菌阳性的危险因素。
我们在 2017 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月期间对一家三级医院进行了回顾性病例对照研究（=917）。收集了患者的临床和生物学特征，并进行了单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估吸烟与 PTB 的严重程度和传播有关的因素。
吸烟患者的痰中结核分枝杆菌阳性和严重 PTB 的比例明显更高。与营养状况一起，重度吸烟使严重 PTB 的风险增加 284%。无论状况、持续时间和程度如何，痰中结核分枝杆菌阳性与低蛋白血症和吸烟都有显著相关性。
由于吸烟与低蛋白血症密切相关，我们得出结论，吸烟在 PTB 的严重程度和传播中起着关键作用。应该采取戒烟干预措施来预防严重的 PTB 并减少 PTB 的传播。
