Green synthesis of stem extract mediated silver nanoparticles for colorimetric detection of Hg ions and antibacterial activity.

A green synthetic approach to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the stem extract of for highly sensitive colorimetric detection of Hg with a low limit of detection of 23 nM and easy colorimetric read-out has been reported. In addition, the biosynthesized AgNPs demonstrated efficient antibacterial activity against , and . The morphology and structure of the as-synthesized AgNPs were examined using SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD and FT-IR analyses. The XRD and TEM results confirm the formation of AgNPs with an average particle size of 8-12 nm. The TLC, CC and HPLC revealed that four main compounds, pentacosanoic acid (), piperine (), -sitosterol (), and campesterol glucoside (), isolated from extract act as reducing and stabilizing agents for AgNP formation, and piperine plays a vital role in green synthesis. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined by ESI MS, FTIR, and one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic data analysis. This approach is an efficient, green, cost-effective, eco-friendly and promising technique for synthesizing AgNPs with applications in the colorimetric detection of Hg and antibacterial activity.