Lewicki R, Tchórzewski H, Denys A, Kowalska M, Golińska A
Department of Sports Medicine, Insititute of Basic Medical Sciences, WAM, Lódź, Poland.
Int J Sports Med. 1987 Oct;8(5):309-14. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1025675.
The studies were performed on 20 conditioned cyclists and 19 untrained men. At rest absolute and percent number of neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes, neutrophil bactericidal activity, and blood plasma beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were similar in sportsmen and untrained men, while neutrophil adherence was lowered in sportsmen. Maximal physical exercise induced significant rises in absolute numbers of neutrophils and monocytes in both groups. In sportsmen, adherence of neutrophils and monocytes and neutrophil bactericidal activity significantly decreased under the influence of exercise, while neutrophil phagocytic activity did not change. On the other hand, in untrained men, maximal physical exercise did not induce significant changes in neutrophil and monocyte adherence and bactericidal activity of neutrophils, but their phagocytic activity increased. Blood plasma beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase, and LDH activities increased during exercise in both groups. The changes observed tended to normalize during 2-h recovery. The results obtained suggest that intensive physical exercise tends to depress nonspecific immunity, which may render sportsmen more susceptible to infections.
这些研究是在20名训练有素的自行车运动员和19名未经训练的男性身上进行的。在静息状态下，运动员和未经训练的男性的中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和单核细胞的绝对数量和百分比、中性粒细胞杀菌活性以及血浆β-葡萄糖醛酸酶、酸性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性相似，但运动员的中性粒细胞黏附性降低。最大强度体育锻炼使两组中性粒细胞和单核细胞的绝对数量显著增加。在运动员中，运动影响下中性粒细胞和单核细胞的黏附性以及中性粒细胞杀菌活性显著降低，而中性粒细胞吞噬活性未改变。另一方面，在未经训练的男性中，最大强度体育锻炼并未引起中性粒细胞和单核细胞黏附性以及中性粒细胞杀菌活性的显著变化，但他们的吞噬活性增加。两组运动期间血浆β-葡萄糖醛酸酶、酸性磷酸酶和LDH活性均增加。观察到的这些变化在2小时恢复过程中趋于正常化。所得结果表明，高强度体育锻炼往往会抑制非特异性免疫，这可能使运动员更容易受到感染。
