Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
J Neuropsychol. 2023 Jun;17(2):417-429. doi: 10.1111/jnp.12308. Epub 2023 Feb 19.
Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) Set I is a validated and brief test of fluid intelligence, ideal for use in busy clinical settings. However, there is a dearth of normative data allowing an accurate interpretation of APM scores. To address this, we present normative data from across the adult lifespan (18-89 years) for the APM Set I. Data are presented in five age cohorts (total N = 352), including two older adult cohorts (65-79 years and 80-89 years), which allows age-standardized assessment. We also present data from a validated measure of premorbid intellectual ability, which was absent from previous standardizations of longer forms of the APM. In line with previous findings, a striking age-related decline was noted, beginning relatively early in adulthood and most marked amongst lower-scoring individuals. Older adults did not demonstrate difficulty with specific test items or make an increased proportion of specific errors. Sex was not a significant predictor of performance. The data set is of particular use in the neuropsychological assessment of older adults, given the known susceptibility of fluid intelligence to both the effects of normal ageing and acquired brain injury in older age. The results are discussed in light of theories of neurological ageing.
瑞文高级推理测验（APM）第一套是一种经过验证的、简短的流体智力测验，非常适合在繁忙的临床环境中使用。然而，目前缺乏能够准确解释 APM 分数的标准数据。为了解决这个问题，我们提供了 APM 第一套在整个成年期（18-89 岁）的标准数据。数据以五个年龄组呈现（总人数为 352 人），包括两个老年年龄组（65-79 岁和 80-89 岁），这允许进行年龄标准化评估。我们还提供了先前 APM 长式标准化中缺失的、经过验证的、用于评估先前智力能力的标准数据。与之前的发现一致，我们注意到随着年龄的增长，智力水平呈现出显著的下降趋势，这种下降在成年早期就已经开始，而且在得分较低的个体中更为明显。老年人在特定测试项目上并没有表现出困难，也没有增加特定错误的比例。性别并不是表现的显著预测因素。鉴于流体智力对正常衰老和老年获得性脑损伤的敏感性，该数据集在老年人群的神经心理学评估中特别有用。结果将根据神经老化理论进行讨论。
