Lin Bingliang, Xie Li, Xie Xiaoyun, Yan Yongfu, Zhang Luge, Xiao Lin
Tobacco Control Office, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Tob Induc Dis. 2023 Feb 17;21:26. doi: 10.18332/tid/159132. eCollection 2023.
The number of cessation clinics in China have been increasing ever since the Chinese government supported the establishment of smoking cessation clinics (SCCs) in each province in 2014. Many studies have examined smoking cessation behaviors among male smokers, but few of female smokers. This study aimed to understand female smokers' quitting behaviors in SCCs and identify predictors of successful cessation.
This study used data of the SCCs Platform in China from 2018 to 2020. The self-reported 7-day point prevalence of abstinence rate (PPAR) at 1 month and at 3 months follow-up and the continuous abstinence rate (CAR) at 3 months follow-up are reported based on smokers' characteristics and intention to treat analysis. A multiple logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of continuous abstinence at 3 months follow-up.
The 7-day PPAR of female outpatients in SCCs was 29.20% at 1 month follow-up and 28.36% at 3 months follow-up. The CAR at 3 months follow-up was 19.88%. Female smokers who were prepared to quit within 7 days (AOR=2.86; 95% CI: 1.53-5.32), today (AOR=4.01; 95% CI: 2.35-6.85), had started to quit (AOR=7.11; 95% CI: 4.12-12.27), and used a combination of counseling and drugs (AOR=2.41; 95% CI: 1.73-3.35) were more likely to quit smoking. Associated with lower quitting rates were: living in the central region of China (AOR=0.47; 95% CI: 0.31-0.73) and the west region (AOR=0.48; 95% CI: 0.31-0.73); being aged 30-39 years (AOR=0.39; 95% CI: 0.23-0.64), and 40-49 years (AOR=0.41; 95% CI:0.24-0.69); being unemployed (AOR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.45-0.91); having a fair perceived health status at the first visit (AOR=0.65; 95% CI: 0.47-0.91) and a poor one (AOR=0.37; 95% CI: 0.21-0.64); having a moderate nicotine dependence (AOR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.44-0.92) and a severe one (AOR=0.50; 95% CI: 0.34-0.72).
In our study, the region of residence, age, employment, perceived health status, Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND), readiness to quit, and intervention model were independent predictors of quitting for female smokers. Improving the motivation to quit, providing intensive psychological interventions and equipping SCCs with cessation medication would assist female smokers to quit.
自2014年中国政府支持在各省设立戒烟门诊（SCC）以来，中国戒烟门诊的数量一直在增加。许多研究调查了男性吸烟者的戒烟行为，但针对女性吸烟者的研究较少。本研究旨在了解女性吸烟者在戒烟门诊的戒烟行为，并确定成功戒烟的预测因素。
本研究使用了中国戒烟门诊平台2018年至2020年的数据。根据吸烟者的特征和意向性分析，报告了1个月和3个月随访时自我报告的7天点患病率戒烟率（PPAR）以及3个月随访时的持续戒烟率（CAR）。使用多元逻辑回归模型确定3个月随访时持续戒烟的预测因素。
戒烟门诊女性门诊患者1个月随访时的7天PPAR为29.20%，3个月随访时为28.36%。3个月随访时的CAR为19.88%。准备在7天内戒烟（比值比[AOR]=2.86；95%置信区间[CI]：1.53 - 5.32）、今天准备戒烟（AOR=4.01；95% CI：2.35 - 6.85）、已经开始戒烟（AOR=7.11；95% CI：4.12 - 12.27）以及采用咨询和药物联合治疗（AOR=2.41；95% CI：1.73 - 3.35）的女性吸烟者更有可能戒烟。戒烟率较低与以下因素相关：居住在中国中部地区（AOR=0.47；95% CI：0.31 - 0.73）和西部地区（AOR=0.48；95% CI：0.31 - 0.73）；年龄在30 - 39岁（AOR=0.39；95% CI：0.23 - 0.64）和40 - 49岁（AOR=0.41；95% CI：0.24 - 0.69）；失业（AOR=0.64；95% CI：0.45 - 0.91）；首次就诊时自我感觉健康状况一般（AOR=0.65；95% CI：0.47 - 0.91）和较差（AOR=0.37；95% CI：0.21 - 0.64）；尼古丁依赖程度为中度（AOR=0.64；95% CI：0.44 - 0.92）和重度（AOR=0.50；95% CI：0.34 - 0.72）。
在我们的研究中，居住地区、年龄、就业情况、自我感觉健康状况、尼古丁依赖的法格斯特龙测试（FTND）、戒烟意愿和干预模式是女性吸烟者戒烟的独立预测因素。提高戒烟动机,提供强化心理干预并为戒烟门诊配备戒烟药物将有助于女性吸烟者戒烟。
