Leal Joana F, Bombo Gabriel, Amado Patrícia S M, Pereira Hugo, Cristiano Maria L S
Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR) and Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
GreenCoLab-Associação Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
Foods. 2023 Feb 10;12(4):768. doi: 10.3390/foods12040768.
The accumulation of marine biotoxins in shellfish and their consumption causes serious food safety problems, threatening human health and compromising the availability of protein-based food. It is thus urgent to develop methodologies for the detoxification of live bivalves, avoiding their economic and nutritional devaluation. In this context, we tested an adsorption mechanism of paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) based on a cation-exchange resin. The first studies using cultures of (natural producers of PST) showed a decrease of about 80% in overall toxicity after 48 h. Interestingly, we found that the toxins are adsorbed differently, with toxins' structural features playing a part in the adsorption capacity via steric hindrance, electronic effects, or the extent of positive charge density (e.g., dcSTX). The positive effect of the resin in accelerating PST clearance from live mussels () is not evident when compared to resin-free clearance; nevertheless, relevant information could be gathered that will facilitate further in vivo studies. Several factors appear to be at play, namely the competition of natural substances (e.g., salts, organic matter) for the same binding sites, the blocking of pores due to interactions between molecules, and/or difficulties in resin absorption by mussels. Additionally, the present work revealed the ability of mussels to neutralize pH and proposes bioconversion reactions among the PST molecules.
贝类中海洋生物毒素的积累及其食用会引发严重的食品安全问题，威胁人类健康并降低蛋白质类食物的可获取性。因此，迫切需要开发活双壳贝类解毒方法，以避免其经济价值和营养价值的降低。在此背景下，我们测试了基于阳离子交换树脂的麻痹性贝类毒素（PST）吸附机制。最初使用（PST的天然产生者）培养物进行的研究表明，48小时后总体毒性降低了约80%。有趣的是，我们发现毒素的吸附方式不同，毒素的结构特征通过空间位阻、电子效应或正电荷密度程度（例如dcSTX）对吸附能力产生影响。与无树脂清除相比，树脂在加速活贻贝（）中PST清除方面的积极作用并不明显；然而，可以收集到相关信息，这将有助于进一步的体内研究。似乎有几个因素在起作用，即天然物质（如盐、有机物）对相同结合位点的竞争、分子间相互作用导致的孔堵塞和/或贻贝对树脂吸收的困难。此外，目前的研究揭示了贻贝中和pH的能力，并提出了PST分子之间的生物转化反应。
