Tarasov Aleksey, Stozhko Natalia, Bukharinova Maria, Khamzina Ekaterina
Scientific and Innovation Center of Sensor Technologies, Ural State University of Economics, 8 Marta St., 62, 620144 Yekaterinburg, Russia.
Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ural State University of Economics, 8 Marta St., 62, 620144 Yekaterinburg, Russia.
Life (Basel). 2023 Jan 20;13(2):291. doi: 10.3390/life13020291.
Plant phenolic compounds demonstrate bioactive properties in vitro and/or in vivo, which creates demand for their precise determination in life sciences and industry. Measuring the concentration of individual phenolic compounds is a complex task, since approximately 9000 plant phenolic substances have been identified so far. The determination of the total phenolic content (TPC) is less laborious and is used for the qualimetric evaluation of complex multicomponent samples in routine analyses. Biosensors based on phenol oxidases (POs) have been proposed as alternative analytical devices for detecting phenolic compounds; however, their effectiveness in the analysis of food and vegetal matrices has not been addressed in detail. This review describes catalytic properties of laccase and tyrosinase and reports on the enzymatic and bienzymatic sensors based on laccase and tyrosinase for estimating the total phenolic index (TPI) in food-related samples (FRSs). The review presents the classification of biosensors, POs immobilization, the functions of nanomaterials, the biosensing catalytic cycle, interference, validation, and some other aspects related to TPI assessment. Nanomaterials are involved in the processes of immobilization, electron transfer, signal formation, and amplification, and they improve the performance of PO-based biosensors. Possible strategies for reducing interference in PO-based biosensors are discussed, namely the removal of ascorbic acid and the use of highly purified enzymes.
植物酚类化合物在体外和/或体内表现出生物活性，这使得生命科学和工业领域对其进行精确测定有了需求。由于迄今为止已鉴定出约9000种植物酚类物质，因此测量单个酚类化合物的浓度是一项复杂的任务。总酚含量（TPC）的测定相对省力，在常规分析中用于对复杂多组分样品进行质量评估。基于酚氧化酶（POs）的生物传感器已被提议作为检测酚类化合物的替代分析设备；然而，它们在食品和植物基质分析中的有效性尚未得到详细探讨。本综述描述了漆酶和酪氨酸酶的催化特性，并报道了基于漆酶和酪氨酸酶的酶促和双酶生物传感器，用于估计食品相关样品（FRSs）中的总酚指数（TPI）。该综述介绍了生物传感器的分类、POs固定化、纳米材料的功能、生物传感催化循环、干扰、验证以及与TPI评估相关的其他一些方面。纳米材料参与固定化、电子转移、信号形成和放大过程，并提高了基于PO的生物传感器的性能。讨论了减少基于PO的生物传感器干扰的可能策略，即去除抗坏血酸和使用高度纯化的酶。
