Sioutas Georgios, Tsouknidas Alexandros, Gelasakis Athanasios I, Vlachou Afrodite, Kaldeli Alexandra K, Kouki Maria, Symeonidou Isaia, Papadopoulos Elias
Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
PLiN Nanotechnology S.A., Spectra Business Center 12th km Thessaloniki-Chalkidiki, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Feb 16;15(2):659. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020659.
(PRM) is the most common blood-sucking ectoparasite in laying hens and is resistant against numerous acaricides. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) represent an innovative solution against PRM. The current study aimed to assess the in vitro acaricidal activity of AgNPs against PRM and describe their potential mechanism of action. Nanoparticles were produced using a wet chemistry approach. Mites were collected using AviVet traps from 18 poultry farms in Greece. Contact toxicity bioassays were carried out for 24 h with negative controls, 20, 40, 60, or 80 ppm AgNPs. Analysis of variance was used to compare the mortality rates of PRM between the control and treatment groups, while LC, LC, and LC values were estimated using probit regression analysis for the total farms jointly and separately. Nanoparticles displayed strong acaricidal activity, and mortality rates were significantly different between groups and increased by AgNPs concentration. Overall mean LC, LC, and LC values were 26.5, 58.8, and 112.3 ppm, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy on mites treated with 80 ppm AgNPs revealed cracks in their exoskeleton and limb detachments, presumably resulting from the interaction between AgNPs and the mites' chitin. Future studies should focus on assessing AgNPs residues in chicken tissues before moving into field trials.
皮刺螨（PRM）是蛋鸡中最常见的吸血外寄生虫，并且对多种杀螨剂具有抗性。银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）是一种针对PRM的创新解决方案。本研究旨在评估AgNPs对PRM的体外杀螨活性，并描述其潜在的作用机制。纳米颗粒采用湿化学方法制备。使用AviVet诱捕器从希腊的18个家禽养殖场收集螨。用阴性对照、20、40、60或80 ppm的AgNPs进行24小时的接触毒性生物测定。方差分析用于比较对照组和治疗组之间PRM的死亡率，而使用概率回归分析对所有养殖场联合和单独估计LC、LC和LC值。纳米颗粒表现出很强的杀螨活性，各组之间的死亡率有显著差异，并且随着AgNPs浓度的增加而升高。总体平均LC、LC和LC值分别为26.5、58.8和112.3 ppm。对用80 ppm AgNPs处理的螨进行扫描电子显微镜观察，发现其外骨骼有裂缝和肢体脱落，推测这是由于AgNPs与螨的几丁质之间的相互作用所致。未来的研究在进入田间试验之前应侧重于评估鸡组织中的AgNPs残留量。
