Universidade Federal do Pampa, Bagé, RS, Brazil.
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2023 Mar 3;41:e2021400. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2021400. eCollection 2023.
To determine the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and associated factors in adolescents and in their parents/guardians.
A cross-sectional study, applying a standardized and validated written questionnaire. Adolescents (13-14 years old; n=1,058) and their parents/guardians (mean age=42.1 years old; n=896) living in the city of Uruguaiana, southern Brazil, responded to the Global Asthma Network standard questionnaires.
The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in adolescents was 28.0%, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, 21.3%, and severe forms of allergic rhinitis, 7.8%. In the adults, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 31.7%. Some associated factors with allergic rhinitis in adolescents include low physical exercise (OR 2.16; 95%CI 1.15-4.05), having only one older sibling (OR 1.94; 95CI 1.01-3.72) and daily meat consumption (OR 7.43; 95% CI 1.53-36.11). In contrast, consuming sugar (OR 0.34; 95%CI 0.12-0.93) or olive oil (OR 0.33; 95%CI 0.13-0 .81) once or twice a week, and eating vegetables daily (OR 0.39; 95%CI 0.15-0.99) were considered factors negatively associated. In adults, exposure to fungi at home (OR 5.25; 95%CI 1.01-27.22) and consumption of meat once or twice a week (OR 46.45; 95CI 2.12-1020.71) were factors associated with the medical diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, while low education (OR 0.25; 95%CI 0.07-0.92) was found to be a factor negatively associated.
The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in adolescents is high, as well as its medical diagnosis in adults living in Uruguaiana. Environmental factors, especially food habits, were associated with findings in both groups.
确定青少年及其父母/监护人中过敏性鼻炎的患病率及相关因素。
这是一项横断面研究，采用标准化和经过验证的书面问卷。生活在巴西南部乌拉圭亚纳市的青少年（13-14 岁；n=1058）及其父母/监护人（平均年龄 42.1 岁；n=896）回答了全球哮喘网络标准问卷。
青少年过敏性鼻炎的患病率为 28.0%，过敏性鼻结膜炎为 21.3%，重度过敏性鼻炎为 7.8%。在成年人中，过敏性鼻炎的患病率为 31.7%。青少年过敏性鼻炎的一些相关因素包括低体力活动（OR 2.16；95%CI 1.15-4.05）、仅有一个年长的兄弟姐妹（OR 1.94；95%CI 1.01-3.72）和每日吃肉（OR 7.43；95%CI 1.53-36.11）。相反，每周食用糖（OR 0.34；95%CI 0.12-0.93）或橄榄油（OR 0.33；95%CI 0.13-0.81）一到两次，以及每日食用蔬菜（OR 0.39；95%CI 0.15-0.99）被认为是负相关因素。在成年人中，家中接触真菌（OR 5.25；95%CI 1.01-27.22）和每周食用一到两次肉（OR 46.45；95%CI 2.12-1020.71）是与过敏性鼻炎医学诊断相关的因素，而低教育程度（OR 0.25；95%CI 0.07-0.92）被认为是负相关因素。
乌拉圭亚纳市青少年过敏性鼻炎的患病率较高，成年人的过敏性鼻炎诊断率也较高。环境因素，尤其是饮食习惯，与两组人群的发现有关。
