Follmann Dean, Janes Holly E, Chu Eric, Jayashankar Lakshmi, Petropoulos Christos J, Serebryannyy Leonid, Carroll Robin, Jean-Baptiste Naz, Narpala Sandeep, Lin Bob C, McDermott Adrian, Novak Richard M, Graciaa Daniel S, Rolsma Stephanie, Magaret Craig A, Doria-Rose Nicole, Corey Lawrence, Neuzil Kathleen M, Pajon Rolando, Miller Jacqueline M, Donis Ruben O, Koup Richard A, Baden Lindsey R, El Sahly Hana M
Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2023 Feb 13;10(3):ofad069. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofad069. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Hybrid immunity is associated with more durable protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We describe the antibody responses following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
The 55 vaccine arm COVID-19 cases diagnosed during the blinded phase of the Coronavirus Efficacy trial were matched with 55 placebo arm COVID-19 cases. Pseudovirus neutralizing antibody (nAb) activity to the ancestral strain and binding antibody (bAb) responses to nucleocapsid and spike antigens (ancestral and variants of concern [VOCs]) were assessed on disease day 1 (DD1) and 28 days later (DD29).
The primary analysis set was 46 vaccine cases and 49 placebo cases with COVID-19 at least 57 days post-first dose. For vaccine group cases, there was a 1.88-fold rise in ancestral antispike bAbs 1 month post-disease onset, although 47% had no increase. The vaccine-to-placebo geometric mean ratios for DD29 antispike and antinucleocapsid bAbs were 6.9 and 0.04, respectively. DD29 mean bAb levels were higher for vaccine vs placebo cases for all VOCs. DD1 nasal viral load positively correlated with bAb levels in the vaccine group.
Following COVID-19, vaccinated participants had higher levels and greater breadth of antispike bAbs and higher nAb titers than unvaccinated participants. These were largely attributable to the primary immunization series.
混合免疫与针对2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的更持久保护相关。我们描述了接种疫苗和未接种疫苗个体感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）后的抗体反应。
在冠状病毒疗效试验的盲法阶段诊断出的55例疫苗组COVID-19病例与55例安慰剂组COVID-19病例进行匹配。在疾病第1天（DD1）和28天后（DD29）评估针对原始毒株的假病毒中和抗体（nAb）活性以及针对核衣壳和刺突抗原（原始毒株和关注变体[VOCs]）的结合抗体（bAb）反应。
主要分析集为46例疫苗组病例和49例安慰剂组病例，这些病例在首次接种后至少57天感染COVID-19。对于疫苗组病例，发病后1个月针对原始刺突的bAb升高了1.88倍，尽管47%的病例没有升高。DD29针对刺突和核衣壳的bAb的疫苗组与安慰剂组几何平均比值分别为6.9和0.04。对于所有VOCs，疫苗组病例的DD29平均bAb水平高于安慰剂组病例。疫苗组中DD1时的鼻腔病毒载量与bAb水平呈正相关。
感染COVID-19后，接种疫苗的参与者比未接种疫苗的参与者具有更高水平和更广谱的针对刺突的bAb以及更高的nAb滴度。这些主要归因于初次免疫系列。
