Topno Neelam A, Kesarwani Veerbhan, Kushwaha Sandeep Kumar, Azam Sarwar, Kadivella Mohammad, Gandham Ravi Kumar, Majumdar Subeer S
DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad 500032, India.
RCB-Regional Centre of Biotechnology, Delhi 121001, India.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Feb 28;13(5):884. doi: 10.3390/ani13050884.
The effect of breed on milk components-fat, protein, lactose, and water-has been observed to be significant. As fat is one of the major price-determining factors for milk, exploring the variations in fat QTLs across breeds would shed light on the variable fat content in their milk. Here, on whole-genome sequencing, 25 differentially expressed hub or bottleneck fat QTLs were explored for variations across indigenous breeds. Out of these, 20 genes were identified as having nonsynonymous substitutions. A fixed SNP pattern in high-milk-yielding breeds in comparison to low-milk-yielding breeds was identified in the genes and and, vice versa, in the genes , and . The identified SNPs were ratified by pyrosequencing to prove that key differences exist in fat QTLs between the high- and low-milk-yielding breeds.
品种对牛奶成分（脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖和水）的影响已被观察到是显著的。由于脂肪是牛奶主要的价格决定因素之一，探索不同品种间脂肪数量性状基因座（QTL）的变异将有助于了解它们牛奶中脂肪含量的差异。在此，通过全基因组测序，研究了25个差异表达的核心或瓶颈脂肪QTL在本土品种间的变异情况。其中，有20个基因被鉴定出存在非同义替换。在基因 和 中，与低产奶量品种相比，高产奶量品种中鉴定出了一种固定的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）模式，反之，在基因 、 和 中情况则相反。通过焦磷酸测序验证了所鉴定的SNP，以证明高产奶量和低产奶量品种在脂肪QTL上存在关键差异。
