CINTESIS@RISE, Nursing School of Porto (ESEP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
Higher School of Nursing of Lisbon (ESEL), Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1600-096 Lisboa, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 5;20(5):4601. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054601.
Evidence highlights the need for professionals to be aware of their stigmatizing attitudes and discriminatory practices in order to minimize the negative impact on the people they take care of. However, nursing students' perceptions of these issues have been poorly studied. This study explores the perspective of senior undergraduate nursing students on mental health and the stigma around it, by considering a simulated case vignette of a person with a mental health problem. A descriptive qualitative approach was chosen and involved three online focus group discussions. The findings show various manifestations of stigma, both at an individual and collective level, which indicates that it is an obstacle to the wellbeing of people with mental illness. Individual manifestations of stigma concern its effect on the person with mental illness, while at the collective level they concern the family or society in general. Stigma is a multifactorial, multidimensional, and complex concept, in terms of identifying and fighting it. Thus, the strategies identified involve multiple approaches at the individual level, aimed at the patient and family, namely through education/training, communication, and relationship strategies. At the collective level, to intervene with the general population and specific groups, such as groups of young people, strategies suggested include education/training, use of the media, and contact with people with mental disorders as ways to fight stigma.
证据强调了专业人员需要意识到自己的污名化态度和歧视性做法,以便最大限度地减少对他们所照顾的人的负面影响。然而,护理学生对这些问题的看法还没有得到充分研究。本研究通过考虑一个有心理健康问题的人的模拟案例 vignette,探讨了高年级本科护理学生对心理健康及其周围污名的看法。选择了描述性定性方法,并涉及三个在线焦点小组讨论。研究结果显示了在个体和集体层面上存在各种污名化表现,这表明它是精神疾病患者福祉的障碍。个体层面上的污名化表现涉及它对有精神疾病的人的影响,而在集体层面上,它们涉及家庭或整个社会。污名是一个多因素、多维度和复杂的概念,在识别和对抗它方面也是如此。因此,确定的策略包括个体层面上的多种方法,旨在针对患者和家属,即通过教育/培训、沟通和关系策略。在集体层面上,为了干预普通人群和特定群体,如年轻人群体,建议的策略包括教育/培训、利用媒体以及与精神障碍患者接触,作为对抗污名的方式。