School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2023 Oct 26;62(44):e202216097. doi: 10.1002/anie.202216097. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
Proteins and enzymes are versatile biomaterials for a wide range of medical applications due to their high specificity for receptors and substrates, high degradability, low toxicity, and overall good biocompatibility. Protein nanoparticles are formed by the arrangement of several native or modified proteins into nanometer-sized assemblies. In this review, we will focus on artificial nanoparticle systems, where proteins are the main structural element and not just an encapsulated payload. While under natural conditions, only certain proteins form defined aggregates and nanoparticles, chemical modifications or a change in the physical environment can further extend the pool of available building blocks. This allows the assembly of many globular proteins and even enzymes. These advances in preparation methods led to the emergence of new generations of nanosystems that extend beyond transport vehicles to diverse applications, from multifunctional drug delivery to imaging, nanocatalysis and protein therapy.
蛋白质和酶是一类多功能的生物材料，在多种医学应用中具有重要价值，这是因为它们对受体和底物具有高度的特异性、可降解性高、毒性低、整体生物相容性好。蛋白质纳米颗粒是由几种天然或修饰后的蛋白质排列成纳米级别的组装体而形成的。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍人工纳米颗粒系统，其中蛋白质是主要的结构元件，而不仅仅是被包裹的有效载荷。虽然在自然条件下，只有某些蛋白质会形成特定的聚集物和纳米颗粒，但化学修饰或物理环境的改变可以进一步扩展可用构建块的范围。这使得许多球状蛋白质甚至酶都可以进行组装。这些制备方法的进展导致了新一代纳米系统的出现，这些系统超越了运输载体，具有多种应用，从多功能药物输送到成像、纳米催化和蛋白质治疗。
