Department of Community Health, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Tanzania.
Department of Community Health, Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Sanya Juu, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.
PLoS One. 2023 Mar 15;18(3):e0280396. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280396. eCollection 2023.
Tuberculosis (TB) is among diseases of global health importance with Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) accounting for 25% of the global TB burden. TB prevalence among miners in SSA is estimated at 3,000-7,000/100,000, which is about 3 to 10-times higher than in the general population. The study's objective was to determine the prevalence of TB and associated risk factors among mining communities in Mererani, northern Tanzania. This was a cross-sectional study conducted from April 2019 to November 2021 involving current Small Scale Miners (SSM) and the General Community (GC). A total of 660 participants, 330 SSM and 330 GC were evaluated for the presence of TB. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) database (IBM SPSS Statistics Version 27.0.0.0). Binary logistic regression (Generalized Linear Mixed Model) was used to determine the association between TB and independent predictors. Prevalence of TB was 7%, about 24-times higher than the national prevalence of 0.295%. Participants from the general community had higher prevalence of TB 7.9% than SSM (6.1%). Both for SSM and the GC, TB was found to be associated with: lower education level (aOR = 3.62, 95%CI = 1.16-11.28), previous lung disease (aOR = 4.30, 95%CI = 1.48-12.53) and having symptoms of TB (aOR = 3.24, 95%CI = 1.38-7.64). Specifically for the SSM, TB was found to be associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection (aOR = 8.28, 95%CI = 1.21-56.66). Though significant progress has been attained in the control of the TB epidemic in Tanzania, still hot spots with significantly high burden of TB exists, including miners. More importantly, populations surrounding the mining areas, are equally affected, and needs more engagement in the control of TB so as to realize the Global End TB targets of 2035.
结核病（TB）是全球健康重要性疾病之一，撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）占全球结核病负担的 25%。据估计，SSA 矿工的结核病患病率为 3000-7000/100000，比一般人群高 3 到 10 倍。本研究的目的是确定坦桑尼亚北部梅雷拉尼矿区采矿社区的结核病患病率和相关危险因素。这是一项横断面研究，于 2019 年 4 月至 2021 年 11 月进行，涉及当前的小规模矿工（SSM）和一般社区（GC）。共有 660 名参与者，330 名 SSM 和 330 名 GC 接受了结核病检测。数据使用社会科学统计软件包（IBM SPSS Statistics Version 27.0.0.0）数据库进行分析。采用二元逻辑回归（广义线性混合模型）确定结核病与独立预测因子之间的关系。结核病的患病率为 7%，比全国 0.295%的患病率高 24 倍。一般社区的参与者结核病患病率为 7.9%，高于 SSM（6.1%）。对于 SSM 和 GC，结核病均与以下因素有关：教育水平较低（OR = 3.62，95%CI = 1.16-11.28）、既往肺部疾病（OR = 4.30，95%CI = 1.48-12.53）和结核病症状（OR = 3.24，95%CI = 1.38-7.64）。特别是对于 SSM，结核病与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染有关（OR = 8.28，95%CI = 1.21-56.66）。尽管坦桑尼亚在结核病流行控制方面取得了重大进展，但仍存在结核病负担显著较高的热点地区，包括矿工。更重要的是，矿区周围的人群同样受到影响，需要更多地参与结核病控制，以实现 2035 年全球结核病目标。
