Piaggio Davide, Zarro Marianna, Pagliara Silvio, Andellini Martina, Almuhini Abdulaziz, Maccaro Alessia, Pecchia Leandro
School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Am J Infect Control. 2023 Oct;51(10):1175-1181. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.03.005. Epub 2023 Mar 15.
Infection prevention and control (IPC) is essential to prevent nosocomial infections. This manuscript aims at investigating the current use and role of robots and smart environments on IPC systems in nosocomial settings METHODS: The systematic literature review was performed following the PRISMA statement. Literature was searched for articles published in the period January 2016 to October 2022. Two authors determined the eligibility of the papers, with conflicting decisions being mitigated by a third. Relevant data was then extracted using an ad-hoc extraction table to facilitate the analysis and narrative synthesis.
The search strategy returned 1520 citations and 17 papers were included. This review identified 3 main areas of interest: hand hygiene and personal protective equipment compliance, automatic infection cluster detection and environments cleaning (ie, air quality control, sterilization). This review demonstrates that IPC practices within hospitals mostly do not rely on automation and robotic technology, and few advancements have been made in this field.
Increasing the awareness of healthcare workers on these technologies, through training and involving them in the design process, is essential to accomplish the Health 4.0 transformation. Research priorities should also be considering how to implement similar or more contextualized alternatives for low-income countries.
感染预防与控制（IPC）对于预防医院感染至关重要。本手稿旨在研究机器人和智能环境在医院环境中IPC系统的当前应用及作用。方法：按照PRISMA声明进行系统文献综述。检索2016年1月至2022年10月期间发表的文章。由两位作者确定论文的合格性，如有冲突的决定则由第三位作者协调。然后使用专门的提取表提取相关数据，以促进分析和叙述性综合。
检索策略返回1520条引文，纳入17篇论文。本综述确定了3个主要关注领域：手卫生和个人防护装备的依从性、自动感染聚集检测和环境清洁（即空气质量控制、消毒）。本综述表明，医院内的IPC实践大多不依赖自动化和机器人技术，该领域进展甚微。
通过培训并让医护人员参与设计过程来提高他们对这些技术的认识，对于实现健康4.0转型至关重要。研究重点还应考虑如何为低收入国家实施类似或更具情境化的替代方案。
