Kassa Rahel Nega, Hailemariam Hana Abera, Habte Mekdes Hailegebreal, Gebresillassie Altayework Mekonnen
Department of Surgical Nursing, Saint Paul Millennium Medial College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Neonatal Nursing, Saint Paul Millennium Medial College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2021 Dec 28;1(12):e0000097. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000097. eCollection 2021.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and ongoing patient self-management, education and support to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Therefore, this study aims to assess the self-care knowledge, attitude and associated factors among outpatients with diabetes mellitus in Arsi Zone, Southeast Ethiopia.
A cross sectional study was employed in Arsi Zone, Southeast Ethiopia from April to June 2017 among 290 patients with diabetes mellitus. Structured questionnaire was employed through face to face interview. Bivariate and multivariate regression was done and a statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05.
Among 290 respondents, 64.8% and 27.6% of them had good knowledge and good attitude towards self-care in this study respectively. Being married (AOR: 3.41, 95% CI: 1.480-8.095), being employed in occupation (AOR: 5.8, 95% CI: 2.26-14.67) and living in higher socioeconomic status (AOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.096-3.322) are the independent factors associated to good knowledge of respondents towards self-care whereas living in lower socioeconomic status(AOR: 0.478, 95% CI: 0.262-0.874), having informal education (AOR: 4.002, 95% CI: 1.941-8.254), not having family history of diabetes mellitus (AOR: 0.422, 95% CI: 0.222-0.803) and having short duration of diagnosis (AOR: 3.209, 95% CI: 1.537-6.779) were significantly associated factors to have poor attitude towards self-care.
Majority of the study participants had good knowledge towards diabetes self-care practice while a significant number of the participants had unfavorable attitude towards diabetes self-care. Being married, being employed and living in higher socioeconomic status were the determinant factors of knowledge towards the diabetes self-care practice while having informal education and having short duration of diagnosis were the significant factors associated to the unfavorable attitude towards diabetes self-care practice. Therefore, efforts should be made on enhancing patients' socioeconomic status and equipping with diabetic self-care centered health information particularly for those patients with short duration of diagnosis.
糖尿病是一种慢性病，需要持续的医疗护理以及患者持续的自我管理、教育和支持，以预防急性并发症并降低长期并发症的风险。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东南部阿尔西地区糖尿病门诊患者的自我护理知识、态度及相关因素。
2017年4月至6月在埃塞俄比亚东南部的阿尔西地区对290例糖尿病患者进行了一项横断面研究。通过面对面访谈采用结构化问卷。进行了双变量和多变量回归分析，p值<0.05时具有统计学意义。
在290名受访者中，本研究中分别有64.8%和27.6%的受访者对自我护理有良好的知识和良好的态度。已婚（调整后比值比：3.41，95%置信区间：1.480 - 8.095）、有职业（调整后比值比：5.8，95%置信区间：2.26 - 14.67）以及生活在较高社会经济地位（调整后比值比：2.0，95%置信区间：1.096 - 3.322）是受访者对自我护理有良好知识的独立相关因素，而生活在较低社会经济地位（调整后比值比：0.478，95%置信区间：0.262 - 0.874）、接受非正规教育（调整后比值比：4.002，95%置信区间：1.941 - 8.254）、没有糖尿病家族史（调整后比值比：0.422，95%置信区间：0.222 - 0.803）以及诊断时间短（调整后比值比：3.209，95%置信区间：1.537 - 6.779）是对自我护理态度不佳的显著相关因素。
大多数研究参与者对糖尿病自我护理实践有良好的知识，而相当数量的参与者对糖尿病自我护理态度不佳。已婚、有职业和生活在较高社会经济地位是糖尿病自我护理实践知识的决定因素，而接受非正规教育和诊断时间短是与糖尿病自我护理实践态度不佳相关的显著因素。因此，应努力提高患者的社会经济地位，并为其提供以糖尿病自我护理为中心的健康信息，特别是对于那些诊断时间短的患者。
