Chen Haoran, Hill Robert, Baysan Aylin
Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
J Dent. 2023 Jun;133:104499. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104499. Epub 2023 Mar 23.
To investigate the effect of different toothpastes either containing 5,000ppm-F, 1,450ppm-F or bioactive glass (BG) with 540ppm-F on artificial root carious lesions (ARCLs).
The crowns of 23 extracted sound teeth were removed leaving their roots only. Subsequently, each root was divided into four parts. A total of 15 sound root dentine (SRD) was left untreated as baseline. The ARCLs were developed for the remaining roots using demineralisation solution (pH-4.8). 15-ARCLs samples were then left untreated. The rest of samples were divided into four groups (n = 15 each) and treated with Group-1(BG with 540ppm-F); Group-2(5000ppm-F); Group-3(1450ppm-F) and Group-4(deionised water). 13-day pH-cycling included using demineralisation solution for 6 h, then placing samples into remineralisation solution (pH-7) for 16 h. Each sample was brushed with the assigned toothpaste twice a day during pH-cycling. Fluoride concentrations at each time point were measured using F-ISE, whilst calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) ion release was determined using ICP-OES, KHN, XRD, F-MAS-NMR analyses.
KHN showed significant surface changes for each group (p<0.001). The uptake of Ca occurred at days 1-2, phosphorus ion loss was high when compared to the uptake in all groups. XRD showed presence of sharp diffraction lines evidencing apatite formation for Groups 1-3. F-MAS-NMR confirmed fluorapatite presence in Groups 1-3.
All toothpastes were promising in fluorapatite formation. BG with 540ppm-F toothpaste released more ions (Caand P) and reharden the artificial root carious lesions when compared to other groups. However, 1450ppm-F toothpaste showed more fluoride-substituted apatite formation whilst 5000ppm-F toothpaste had more fluorapatite formation.
Toothpaste containing BG with 540ppm-F, 5000ppm-F and 1450ppm-F toothpastes are likely to have a significant impact in reversing and arresting root caries. However, randomised controlled double-blinded clinical trials are required to translate these results into clinical practice.
研究含5000ppm氟、1450ppm氟或含540ppm氟的生物活性玻璃（BG）的不同牙膏对人工根龋损（ARCLs）的影响。
拔除23颗完好恒牙，仅保留牙根。随后，将每个牙根分为四部分。共15个完好的牙根牙本质（SRD）未作处理作为基线。使用脱矿溶液（pH - 4.8）对其余牙根形成ARCLs。15个ARCLs样本未作处理。其余样本分为四组（每组n = 15），分别用第1组（含540ppm氟的BG）、第2组（5000ppm氟）、第3组（1450ppm氟）和第4组（去离子水）处理。13天的pH循环包括使用脱矿溶液6小时，然后将样本置于再矿化溶液（pH - 7）中16小时。在pH循环期间，每天用指定牙膏对每个样本刷牙两次。使用氟离子选择性电极（F - ISE）测量每个时间点的氟浓度，同时使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP - OES）、凯氏定氮法（KHN）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、氟核磁共振波谱仪（F - MAS - NMR）分析测定钙（Ca）和磷（P）离子释放情况。
KHN显示每组均有显著的表面变化（p < 0.001）。钙的摄取发生在第1 - 2天，与所有组的摄取相比，磷离子损失较高。XRD显示第1 - 3组存在尖锐的衍射线，证明有磷灰石形成。F - MAS - NMR证实第1 - 3组存在氟磷灰石。
所有牙膏在氟磷灰石形成方面都很有前景。与其他组相比，含540ppm氟的BG牙膏释放更多离子（Ca和P），并使人工根龋损再矿化。然而，1450ppm氟的牙膏显示出更多的氟取代磷灰石形成，而5000ppm氟的牙膏有更多的氟磷灰石形成。
含540ppm氟的BG牙膏、5000ppm氟牙膏和1450ppm氟牙膏可能对逆转和阻止根龋有显著影响。然而，需要随机对照双盲临床试验将这些结果转化为临床实践。
