Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, College of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
J Fish Dis. 2023 Jun;46(6):679-696. doi: 10.1111/jfd.13778. Epub 2023 Mar 26.
Cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3) is an important pathogen of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, carp) causing significant economic and ecological impacts worldwide. The recent emergence of CyHV-3 in the Upper Midwest region of the United States has raised questions related to the disease ecology and host specificity of CyHV-3 in wild carp populations. To determine the prevalence of CyHV-3 in wild populations of fishes in Minnesota, we surveyed five lakes in 2019 in which the virus was known to have caused mass mortality events in carp from 2017 to 2018. A total of 28 species (n = 756 total fish) of native fishes and 730 carp were screened for the presence of CyHV-3 DNA using specific qPCR. None of the native fish tissues tested positive for CyHV-3 although the prevalence of CyHV-3 in carp was 10%-50% in the five lakes. A single lake (Lake Elysian) with a 50% DNA detection rate and evidence of ongoing transmission and CyHV-3-associated mortality was surveyed again in 2020 from April to September. During this period, none of the tissues from 24 species (n = 607 total fish) tested positive for CyHV-3 though CyHV-3 DNA and mRNA (indicating viral replication) was detected in carp tissues during the sampling period. CyHV-3 DNA was detected most often in brain samples without evidence of replication, potentially indicating that brain tissue is a site for CyHV-3 latency. Paired qPCR and ELISA testing for Lake Elysian in 2019-2020 identified young carp (especially males) to be the primary group impacted by CyHV-3-associated mortality and acute infections, but with no positive detections in juvenile carp. Seroprevalence of carp from Lake Elysian was 57% in 2019, 92% in April of 2020 and 97% in September 2020. These results further corroborate the host specificity of CyHV-3 to carp in mixed wild populations of fishes in Minnesota and provide additional insights into the ecological niche of CyHV-3 in shallow lake populations of carp in North America.
锦鲤疱疹病毒 3 型（CyHV-3）是一种重要的鲤鱼病原体，在全球范围内造成了重大的经济和生态影响。最近在美国中西部地区出现的 CyHV-3 引起了与该病毒在野生鲤鱼种群中的疾病生态学和宿主特异性相关的问题。为了确定明尼苏达州野生鱼类种群中 CyHV-3 的流行情况，我们于 2019 年调查了五个湖泊，这些湖泊在 2017 年至 2018 年期间已知有鲤鱼因该病毒而发生大规模死亡事件。使用特定的 qPCR 对总共 28 种（n=756 条总鱼）的本地鱼类和 730 条鲤鱼的组织进行了 CyHV-3 DNA 的存在筛查。尽管五个湖泊中鲤鱼的 CyHV-3 检出率为 10%-50%，但没有一种本地鱼类组织呈 CyHV-3 阳性。一个具有 50%DNA 检出率、有持续传播和与 CyHV-3 相关的死亡率证据的单一湖泊（伊利湖）于 2020 年 4 月至 9 月再次进行了调查。在此期间，24 种鱼类的组织（n=607 条总鱼）中没有一种呈 CyHV-3 阳性，尽管在采样期间从鲤鱼组织中检测到 CyHV-3 DNA 和 mRNA（表明病毒复制）。CyHV-3 DNA 最常存在于没有复制证据的脑组织中，这可能表明脑组织是 CyHV-3 潜伏的部位。2019-2020 年伊利湖的配对 qPCR 和 ELISA 检测表明，受 CyHV-3 相关死亡率和急性感染影响的主要群体是年轻的鲤鱼（尤其是雄性），但在幼年鲤鱼中没有阳性检测。伊利湖鲤鱼的血清阳性率为 2019 年的 57%，2020 年 4 月的 92%，2020 年 9 月的 97%。这些结果进一步证实了 CyHV-3 对明尼苏达州混合野生鱼类种群中鲤鱼的宿主特异性，并提供了有关北美的浅水湖泊鲤鱼种群中 CyHV-3 生态位的更多见解。
