Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA.
J Fish Dis. 2024 Dec;47(12):e14016. doi: 10.1111/jfd.14016. Epub 2024 Sep 8.
The ability to impact the immune response of the host has been recognized as essential for the success of a virus during infection. A few groups of viruses can combine these immunomodulatory mechanisms with specific patterns of their own transcriptional and replication regulation to achieve persistence within the host long term. The Herpesvirales order is one of those groups and the resultant state is known as latency. Throughout the years, latency has been studied in many host-herpesvirus models to attempt to understand the complex and profound effects of this state on the host's systems, and in the hopes of deciphering a way to eliminate the latent state from survivors of the primary infection. Most studies of herpesvirus latency have been conducted on mammalian host species, but this review summarizes the data available regarding herpesviruses in fish species and their latent state. As the field of aquatic animal health research continues to advance, the elucidation of these complex mechanisms will be crucial for disease control, prevention, and treatment.
病毒在感染宿主的过程中，其能够影响宿主免疫反应的能力已被认为是至关重要的。有少数几类病毒能够将这些免疫调节机制与自身特定的转录和复制调控模式相结合，从而在宿主中长期持续存在。疱疹病毒目（Herpesvirales order）就是其中之一，这种长期持续存在的状态被称为潜伏感染。多年来，人们在许多宿主-疱疹病毒模型中研究潜伏感染，试图了解这种状态对宿主系统的复杂而深远的影响，并希望能够找到一种方法来消除初次感染幸存者中的潜伏状态。大多数疱疹病毒潜伏感染的研究都是在哺乳动物宿主物种上进行的，但本综述总结了有关鱼类物种中的疱疹病毒及其潜伏状态的现有数据。随着水生动物健康研究领域的不断发展，阐明这些复杂的机制对于疾病的控制、预防和治疗至关重要。
