Ott Wolfgang, Ceccarelli Alessandro, Manning Jack, Turner Nicholas J, Oppenheimer Robert
FabricNano, Unit 19, Westbourne Studios 242 Acklam Rd London W10 5JJ UK.
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK.
Eng Biol. 2020 Nov 27;4(3):43-46. doi: 10.1049/enb.2020.0014. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Biocatalysis has the potential to enable green chemistry. New methods of enzyme immobilisation will be required to improve enzyme stability, product purification, and compatibility of different enzymes in the same reaction conditions. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stands out among supramolecular scaffolds, as simple Watson-Crick base-pairing rules can be used to rationally design a unique nanoscale environment around each individual enzyme in a cascade. Enhancements of enzyme activity and stability on DNA nanostructures have previously been reported, but never in the context of industrially relevant chemical syntheses or reaction conditions. Here, the authors show DNA can enhance the activity and stability of a galactose oxidase mutant, which could be used in a cascade to produce bioplastics from lignin. The enzyme was enhanced in the cell-free extract, which to their knowledge has not been shown before for any enzymes on DNA. This is significant because crude biocatalytic reactions are vastly more cost-effective. This opens the door to further work on multienzyme cascades by tuning the properties of individual enzymes.
生物催化有潜力推动绿色化学发展。需要新的酶固定化方法来提高酶的稳定性、产物纯化效果以及不同酶在相同反应条件下的兼容性。在超分子支架中，脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）脱颖而出，因为简单的沃森-克里克碱基配对规则可用于合理设计级联反应中每个单独酶周围独特的纳米级环境。此前已有报道称DNA纳米结构上的酶活性和稳定性有所增强，但从未在工业相关化学合成或反应条件的背景下出现过。在此，作者表明DNA可增强半乳糖氧化酶突变体的活性和稳定性，该突变体可用于级联反应以从木质素生产生物塑料。这种酶在无细胞提取物中得到了增强，据他们所知，此前从未有任何酶在DNA上出现过这种情况。这很重要，因为粗生物催化反应的成本效益要高得多。这为通过调整单个酶的特性进一步开展多酶级联反应研究打开了大门。
