Luis Elkin O, Martínez Martín, Akrivou Kleio, Scalzo Germán, Aoiz Martín, Orón Semper José Víctor
Psychological Processes in Education and Health Group, School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Methods and Research in Affective and Cognitive Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2023 Mar 10;14:1079950. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1079950. eCollection 2023.
Research in psychology related to the conceptualization of empathy has been on the rise in the last decades. However, we argue that there is still space for further research to help capture the important notion of empathy and its theoretical and conceptual depth. Following a critical review of the current state of the research that conceptualizes and measures empathy, we focus on works that highlight the importance of a shared vision and its relevance in psychology and neuroscience. Considering the state of the art of current neuroscientific and psychological approaches to empathy, we argue for the relevance of shared intention and shared vision in empathy-related actions. Upon review of different models that emphasize a shared vision for informing research on empathy, we suggest that a newly developed theory of self, human growth and action-the so-called Inter-Processual Self theory (IPS)-can significantly and novelly inform the theorization on empathy beyond what the literature has stated to date. Then, we show how an understanding of integrity as a relational act that requires empathy is an essential mechanism for current key research on empathy and its related concepts and models. Ultimately, we aim to present IPS as a distinctive proposal to expand upon the conceptualization of empathy.
在过去几十年里，与同理心概念化相关的心理学研究一直在增加。然而，我们认为仍有进一步研究的空间，以帮助理解同理心这一重要概念及其理论和概念深度。在对当前概念化和测量同理心的研究现状进行批判性综述之后，我们关注那些强调共同愿景的重要性及其在心理学和神经科学中的相关性的研究。考虑到当前神经科学和心理学对同理心的研究水平，我们认为共同意图和共同愿景在与同理心相关的行为中具有相关性。在回顾了不同的强调共同愿景以指导同理心研究的模型后，我们认为一种新发展的关于自我、人类成长和行动的理论——即所谓的过程间自我理论（IPS）——能够以一种重要且新颖的方式为同理心理论提供信息，这超出了迄今为止文献中所述的内容。然后，我们展示了将正直理解为一种需要同理心的关系行为，是当前关于同理心及其相关概念和模型的关键研究的重要机制。最终，我们旨在提出IPS，作为一个独特的提议，以扩展同理心的概念化。
