Gurgis Joseph John, Kerr Gretchen, Battaglia Anthony
Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada.
Sports (Basel). 2023 Mar 17;11(3):69. doi: 10.3390/sports11030069.
The following study employed an instrumental case study to investigate sport stakeholders' understandings of behavioural management strategies used in competitive youth baseball, including the identification of common strategies and interpretations of these as punishment or discipline. Twenty-one participants, from one competitive (AAA) all-boys baseball team, including three coaches, eleven baseball players, and seven parents, were recruited to participate in an individual semi-structured interview. Interviews ranged between 30 and 150 min, and data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Several behaviour management tactics were identified, of which exercise, benching and yelling negative comments were most often reported. While participants interpreted excessive exercise and benching as punitive and/or disciplinary approaches to behavioural management, yelling was consistently viewed as punitive. Participants confused punishment and discipline as interchangeable, thus suggesting a lack of awareness regarding developmentally appropriate strategies of behavioural management and highlighting the normalization of certain punitive tactics in youth sport. The results underscore the necessity of imparting knowledge to the sports community regarding age-appropriate behavioural management interventions to foster safe and enjoyable athletic experiences for youth competitors.
以下研究采用工具性案例研究方法，调查体育利益相关者对青少年棒球比赛中行为管理策略的理解，包括常见策略的识别以及对这些策略作为惩罚或纪律处分的解读。从一支竞技水平较高（AAA级）的男子棒球队中招募了21名参与者，包括三名教练、十一名棒球运动员和七名家长，参与个人半结构化访谈。访谈时长在30至150分钟之间，数据采用反思性主题分析法进行分析。识别出了几种行为管理策略，其中锻炼、板凳坐冷和大声呵斥负面评价最为常见。虽然参与者将过度锻炼和板凳坐冷解读为行为管理的惩罚性和/或纪律性方法，但大声呵斥一直被视为惩罚性的。参与者将惩罚和纪律视为可互换的，这表明他们对适合发展阶段的行为管理策略缺乏认识，并凸显了青少年体育中某些惩罚性策略的常态化。研究结果强调了向体育界传授有关适合年龄的行为管理干预措施的知识的必要性，以便为青少年运动员营造安全且愉快的运动体验。
