Farrayeh Antoun, Akil Samar, Eid Ammar, Macaluso Valentina, Mancino Davide, Haïkel Youssef, Kharouf Naji
Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus 0100, Syria.
ESTA, School of Business and Technology, 90000 Belfort, France.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Mar 15;10(3):362. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10030362.
The objective of the present in vitro work was to investigate the effectiveness and time required for the removal of calcium silicate-based sealer using two rotary retreatment systems. Sixty extracted, single-canal, lower premolars were used. After obturation using the single-cone technique with calcium silicate-based sealer, samples were divided into four groups according to the technique of desobturation: Group 1 (G1): D-Race; Group 2 (G2): D-Race followed by the use of XP-Endo Finisher R; Group 3 (G3): Protaper Universal Retreatment; and Group 4 (G4): Protaper Universal Retreatment followed by the use of XP-Endo Finisher R. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to calculate the remaining filling materials at the middle and apical thirds. Times required to perform each method were recorded. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and digital microscopy were used to evaluate the remaining filling materials. Data were statistically analyzed using the -test and one way ANOVA on ranks tests. No statistically significant difference was found between G1 and G3 after CBCT observations ( > 0.05). Xp-Endo Finisher R significantly increased the ability to remove materials regardless of the initially used retreatment system ( < 0.05). Statistically significant longer time was found in G3 and G4 compared to G1 and G2, respectively ( < 0.05), to reach the full working length. No retreatment system was able to totally remove the calcium silicate-based sealer from the root canal at the middle and apical thirds ( > 0.05). Digital microscopy demonstrated that the residual materials were the remaining sealers on the canal walls. SEM showed the mineral depositions of calcium silicate materials onto the canal walls and into the dentinal tubules. However, that calcium silicate materials provide mineral deposition into the dentinal tubules might indicate that the traditional irrigants could not be sufficient to remove calcium silicate-based materials from the root canal, and other agents should be used to make retreatment considerably easier.
本体外研究的目的是使用两种旋转再治疗系统，研究去除硅酸钙类封闭剂的有效性和所需时间。使用了60颗拔除的单根管下颌前磨牙。采用单锥技术用硅酸钙类封闭剂进行充填后，根据再治疗技术将样本分为四组：第1组（G1）：D-Race；第2组（G2）：D-Race后使用XP-Endo Finisher R；第3组（G3）：Protaper Universal Retreatment；第4组（G4）：Protaper Universal Retreatment后使用XP-Endo Finisher R。使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）图像计算根管中1/3和根尖1/3处剩余的充填材料。记录每种方法所需的时间。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和数码显微镜评估剩余的充填材料。数据采用t检验和秩和检验进行统计学分析。CBCT观察后，G1和G3之间未发现统计学显著差异（P>0.05）。无论最初使用的再治疗系统如何，XP-Endo Finisher R均显著提高了去除材料的能力（P<0.05）。与G1和G2相比，G3和G4分别达到工作长度全长所需的时间在统计学上显著更长（P<0.05）。没有一种再治疗系统能够完全去除根管中1/3和根尖1/3处的硅酸钙类封闭剂（P>0.05）。数码显微镜显示残留材料是根管壁上剩余的封闭剂。SEM显示硅酸钙材料在根管壁上和牙本质小管内有矿物质沉积。然而，硅酸钙材料在牙本质小管内有矿物质沉积可能表明传统冲洗液不足以从根管中去除硅酸钙类材料，应使用其他试剂使再治疗更容易进行。
