Li Ya-Ting, Hou Ming-Hui, Lu Ya-Xin, Chen Pei-Ran, Dai Zhen-Yuan, Yang Li-Fen, Zhang Ping-Ping, Xiong Guo-Wei, Liu Zi-Feng, Zhou Qi-Lin, Su Jing, Cheng Yun, Zhou Yu-Qi, Tao Jin, Huang Xue-Kun, Dai Min, Zhang Kun, Zhou Min, Yang Qin-Tai, Feng Pei-Ying, Chen Zhuang-Gui
Department of Allergy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
J Clin Med. 2023 Mar 13;12(6):2226. doi: 10.3390/jcm12062226.
Extensive knowledge of allergic multimorbidities is required to improve the management of allergic diseases with the industrialization of China. However, the demography and allergen distribution patterns of allergic multimorbidities in China remain unclear, despite the increasing prevalence of allergies.
This was a real-world, cross-sectional study of 1273 outpatients diagnosed with one or more allergic diseases in Guangzhou, the most populated city of southern China, with leading industrial and commercial centers, between April 2021 and March 2022. Seven allergic diseases (allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma (AS)/cough variant asthma (CVA), atopic dermatitis (AD)/eczema, food allergy (FA), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), drug allergy (DA), and anaphylaxis) were assessed. Positive rates of sensitization to different allergens were measured using an allergen detection system of the UniCAP (Pharmacia Diagnostics, Sweden) instrument platform to compare the groups of allergic multimorbidities against a single entity.
There were 659 (51.8%) males and 614 (48.2%) females aged from 4 months to 74 years included in the analysis. The study participants who were diagnosed with allergic diseases had an average of 1.6 diagnoses. Overall, 46.5% (592 of 1273) of the patients had more than one allergic condition, and allergic rhinitis was the most common type of multimorbidity. Women were more likely to suffer from an allergic disease alone, whereas allergic multimorbidities were more likely to be diagnosed in men ( = 0.005). In addition, allergic multimorbidities were common in all age groups, with an incidence ranging from 37.1% to 57.4%, in which children and adolescents were more frequently diagnosed with allergic multimorbidities than adults (18-60 years old) (all < 0.05). Allergic multimorbidity was observed throughout the year. A difference in the positive rate of allergens sensitization and total immunoglobulin E (tIgE) levels between different allergic multimorbidities was observed.
Allergic multimorbidities were very commonly found in nearly half of all patients with allergies. The proportion of allergic multimorbidities varied with the type of disease, sex, age, and allergen distribution pattern. These findings may help clinicians to develop "One health" strategies for the clinical management of allergic diseases.
随着中国工业化进程，为改善过敏性疾病的管理，需要深入了解过敏性多种疾病共存情况。然而，尽管过敏症患病率不断上升，但中国过敏性多种疾病共存的人口统计学特征和过敏原分布模式仍不明确。
这是一项真实世界的横断面研究，于2021年4月至2022年3月期间，对中国南方人口最多、拥有主要工商业中心的广州市1273例被诊断患有一种或多种过敏性疾病的门诊患者进行研究。评估了七种过敏性疾病（过敏性鼻炎（AR）、哮喘（AS）/咳嗽变异性哮喘（CVA）、特应性皮炎（AD）/湿疹、食物过敏（FA）、过敏性结膜炎（AC）、药物过敏（DA）和过敏反应）。使用瑞典法玛西亚诊断公司的UniCAP仪器平台的过敏原检测系统测量对不同过敏原的致敏阳性率，以比较过敏性多种疾病共存组与单一疾病组。
纳入分析的患者中，男性659例（51.8%），女性614例（48.2%），年龄从4个月至74岁。被诊断患有过敏性疾病的研究参与者平均有1.6种诊断。总体而言，46.5%（1273例中的592例）的患者患有不止一种过敏性疾病，过敏性鼻炎是最常见的多种疾病共存类型。女性更易单独患过敏性疾病，而男性更易被诊断为过敏性多种疾病共存（P = 0.005）。此外，过敏性多种疾病共存在所有年龄组中都很常见，发病率在37.1%至57.4%之间，其中儿童和青少年比成年人（18 - 60岁）更常被诊断为过敏性多种疾病共存（均P < 0.05）。全年均观察到过敏性多种疾病共存情况。观察到不同过敏性多种疾病共存情况下过敏原致敏阳性率和总免疫球蛋白E（tIgE）水平存在差异。
在近一半的过敏患者中，过敏性多种疾病共存情况非常常见。过敏性多种疾病共存的比例因疾病类型、性别、年龄和过敏原分布模式而异。这些发现可能有助于临床医生制定针对过敏性疾病临床管理的“同一健康”策略。
