Subhan Md Abdus, Parveen Farzana, Filipczak Nina, Yalamarty Satya Siva Kishan, Torchilin Vladimir P
Department of Chemistry, ShahJalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.
CPBN, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
J Pers Med. 2023 Feb 23;13(3):389. doi: 10.3390/jpm13030389.
The innovative development of nanomedicine has promised effective treatment options compared to the standard therapeutics for cancer therapy. However, the efficiency of EPR-targeted nanodrugs is not always pleasing as it is strongly prejudiced by the heterogeneity of the enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR). Targeting the dynamics of the EPR effect and improvement of the therapeutic effects of nanotherapeutics by using EPR enhancers is a vital approach to developing cancer therapy. Inadequate data on the efficacy of EPR in humans hampers the clinical translation of cancer drugs. Molecular targeting, physical amendment, or physiological renovation of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial approaches for improving the EPR effect. Advanced imaging technologies for the visualization of EPR-induced nanomedicine distribution in tumors, and the use of better animal models, are necessary to enhance the EPR effect. This review discusses strategies to enhance EPR effect-based drug delivery approaches for cancer therapy and imaging technologies for the diagnosis of EPR effects. The effort of studying the EPR effect is beneficial, as some of the advanced nanomedicine-based EPR-enhancing approaches are currently undergoing clinical trials, which may be helpful to improve EPR-induced drug delivery and translation to clinics.
与癌症治疗的标准疗法相比，纳米医学的创新发展有望提供有效的治疗选择。然而，基于增强渗透与滞留效应（EPR）靶向的纳米药物的效率并不总是令人满意，因为它受到EPR效应异质性的严重影响。通过使用EPR增强剂来靶向EPR效应的动态变化并提高纳米治疗药物的治疗效果，是开发癌症治疗方法的重要途径。关于EPR在人体中疗效的数据不足阻碍了癌症药物的临床转化。对肿瘤微环境（TME）进行分子靶向、物理改良或生理重塑是改善EPR效应的关键方法。先进的成像技术用于可视化EPR诱导的纳米药物在肿瘤中的分布，以及使用更好的动物模型，对于增强EPR效应是必要的。本综述讨论了增强基于EPR效应的癌症治疗药物递送方法的策略以及用于诊断EPR效应的成像技术。研究EPR效应的努力是有益的，因为一些基于先进纳米医学的EPR增强方法目前正在进行临床试验，这可能有助于改善EPR诱导的药物递送并转化至临床应用。
