Albaker Waleed I
Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Alkhobar 34224, Saudi Arabia.
J Pers Med. 2023 Feb 27;13(3):427. doi: 10.3390/jpm13030427.
Fenugreek extracts possess promising physiological and pharmacological properties in human and animal models. This review aims to provide a scientific and comprehensive analysis of the literature on the effects of fenugreek extracts on muscle performance. An extensive online search was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. The main medical and scientific engines were searched for articles from May 1981 to May 2021 to capture all scientific studies focused on the effect of fenugreek on muscle and exercise or sport. Out of 81 studies acquired, six eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the qualitative analysis. Four RCTs observed that fenugreek supplementation had significantly improved muscle strength, repetitions to failure (muscle endurance), submaximal performance index, lean body mass, and reduced body fat. Among the remaining two trials, one reported the significant effect of fenugreek extracts on the rate of muscle glycogen resynthesis during post-exercise recovery; however, the other failed to do so. Those two trials were weak, with a minimal sample size (<10). Further, fenugreek glycoside supplementation with sapogenins and saponins reported substantial anabolic and androgenic activity, influencing testosterone levels and muscle performance. It was useful during eight weeks of resistance training without any clinical side effects. Fenugreek with creatine supplementation improved creatine uptake without the necessity of high carbohydrate intake. Hence, fenugreek extracts can be a helpful natural supplement and ergogenic aid for athletes. However, it is better to be aware of doping and liver and kidney damage before using the fenugreek supplement.
胡芦巴提取物在人体和动物模型中具有良好的生理和药理特性。本综述旨在对有关胡芦巴提取物对肌肉性能影响的文献进行科学全面的分析。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明指南进行了广泛的在线搜索。在主要的医学和科学搜索引擎中检索了1981年5月至2021年5月的文章，以获取所有关注胡芦巴对肌肉以及运动或体育影响的科学研究。在获取的81项研究中，有6项符合条件的随机对照试验（RCT）纳入了定性分析。4项RCT观察到，补充胡芦巴显著改善了肌肉力量、重复至疲劳次数（肌肉耐力）、次最大运动表现指数、瘦体重，并减少了体脂。在其余两项试验中，一项报告了胡芦巴提取物对运动后恢复期间肌肉糖原再合成速率有显著影响；然而，另一项试验未观察到这种影响。这两项试验样本量较小（<10），证据力度较弱。此外，补充含有皂草苷和皂苷的胡芦巴糖苷具有显著的合成代谢和雄激素活性，可影响睾酮水平和肌肉性能。在为期八周的抗阻训练中有效，且无任何临床副作用。补充胡芦巴与肌酸可提高肌酸摄取量，而无需高碳水化合物摄入。因此，胡芦巴提取物可以成为运动员有用的天然补充剂和促力辅助剂。然而，在使用胡芦巴补充剂之前，最好了解其可能涉及的兴奋剂问题以及对肝脏和肾脏的损害。
