Genovese Kenneth J, He Haiqi, Swaggerty Christina L, Byrd J Allen, Kogut Michael H
Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Microorganisms. 2023 Feb 28;11(3):613. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11030613.
Using a previously characterized and described abdominal model to define the avian immune response to intra-abdominal challenge in chickens, we have adapted this technique for the study of chickens' immune response to a intra-abdominal challenge. The intra-abdominal infection model facilitates the characterization of peripheral blood leukocyte dynamics and abdominal cell infiltrates. Day-of-hatch Leghorn chickens were injected intra-abdominally (IA) with [(CJ)1 × 10 colony-forming units (CFUs)]. Changes in peripheral blood leukocyte numbers and abdominal cell infiltrates were monitored at 0, 4, 8, and 24 h post-injection. Peripheral blood leukocyte numbers were also determined for 2 h post-injection. For mortality studies, birds were injected intra-abdominally with 1 × 10 CFUs CJ and mortalities were recorded for 72 h post-injection. In the peripheral blood of CJ-injected chicks, total white blood cell (WBC) numbers began increasing by 2 h post-injection, peaking at 4 h post-injection with the predominant cell type being polymorphonuclear leukocytes (heterophils). Total WBCs declined after 8 h and this decline continued at 24 h, with total WBC numbers approaching control values. The injection of CJ into the abdominal cavity caused a rapid rise in abdominal cell infiltrates with the predominant infiltrating leukocytes being heterophils. Peak abdominal heterophil infiltrates were observed at 8 h post-injection, declining only slightly by 24 h post-injection. Mortality in the CJ challenge groups reached 37%. Mortality in the positive control groups were greater than 50%. The data suggest that infection does stimulate the innate immune response in chickens when administered IA, however, the immune response and infection is not characterized with the high levels of mortality observed with a infection. These data provide a basis for a more definitive characterization of chickens' immune response to and a model to evaluate intervention strategies to prevent the infection and colonization of poultry.
利用先前已表征和描述的腹部模型来定义鸡对腹腔内攻击的免疫反应，我们已将该技术应用于研究鸡对腹腔内攻击的免疫反应。腹腔感染模型有助于对外周血白细胞动态和腹腔细胞浸润进行表征。在孵化当天，给来航鸡腹腔内注射[(CJ)1×10菌落形成单位（CFU）]。在注射后0、4、8和24小时监测外周血白细胞数量和腹腔细胞浸润的变化。还在注射后2小时测定外周血白细胞数量。对于死亡率研究，给鸡腹腔内注射1×10 CFU的CJ，并记录注射后72小时的死亡率。在注射CJ的雏鸡外周血中，总白细胞（WBC）数量在注射后2小时开始增加，在注射后4小时达到峰值，主要细胞类型为多形核白细胞（异嗜性粒细胞）。8小时后总WBC数量下降，这种下降在24小时持续，总WBC数量接近对照值。将CJ注入腹腔导致腹腔细胞浸润迅速增加，主要浸润白细胞为异嗜性粒细胞。在注射后8小时观察到腹腔异嗜性粒细胞浸润峰值，在注射后24小时仅略有下降。CJ攻击组的死亡率达到37%。阳性对照组的死亡率大于50%。数据表明，当腹腔内给药时，感染确实会刺激鸡的先天免疫反应，然而，免疫反应和感染并不具有感染时观察到的高死亡率特征。这些数据为更明确地表征鸡对的免疫反应以及评估预防家禽感染和定植的干预策略的模型提供了基础。
