Remok Firdaous, Saidi Soukaina, Gourich Aman Allah, Zibouh Khalid, Maouloua Mohamed, Makhoukhi Fadwa El, Menyiy Naoual El, Touijer Hanane, Bouhrim Mohamed, Sahpaz Sevser, Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad, Bourhia Mohammed, Zair Touriya
Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes 50070, Morocco.
Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Mar 6;16(3):395. doi: 10.3390/ph16030395.
Vahl essential oil is becoming more popular as a cognitive enhancer and treatment for memory loss. It is high in natural antioxidants and has spasmolytic, antiseptic, analgesic, sedative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Its aqueous extract has hypoglycemic activity and is used to treat diabetic hyperglycemia, but few studies have focused on it. The objective of this work is to evaluate the various biological and pharmacological powers of Vahl leaf aqueous extract. Quality control of the plant material was first carried out. Followed by a phytochemical study on the aqueous extract of leaves, namely phytochemical screening and determination of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins contents. Then, the biological activities were undertaken, in particular the antioxidant activity (total antioxidant activity and trapping of the DPPH° radical) and the antimicrobial activity. The chemical composition of this extract was also determined by HPLC-MS-ESI. Finally, the inhibitory effect of the α-amylase enzyme as well as the antihyperglycaemic effect was evaluated in vivo in normal rats overloaded with starch or D-glucose. The aqueous extract obtained by use of the decoction of leaves of contains 246.51 ± 1.69 mg EQ of gallic acid/g DE, 23.80 ± 0.12 mg EQ quercetin/g DE, and 2.46 ± 0.08 mg EQ catechin /g DE. Its total antioxidant capacity is around 527.03 ± 5.95 mg EQ of ascorbic acid/g DE. At a concentration of 5.81 ± 0.23 µg/mL, our extract was able to inhibit 50% of DPPH° radicals. Moreover, it showed bactericidal effect against , fungicidal against , , , and , and fungistatic against . A marked antihyperglycemic activity (AUC = 54.84 ± 4.88 g/L/h), as well as a significant inhibitory effect of α-amylase in vitro (IC = 0.99 ± 0.00 mg/mL) and in vivo (AUC = 51.94 ± 1.29 g/L/h), is recorded in our extract. Furthermore, its chemical composition reveals the presence of 37.03% rosmarinic acid, 7.84% quercetin rhamnose, 5.57% diosmetin-rutinoside, 5.51% catechin dimer, and 4.57% gallocatechin as major compounds. The antihyperglycemic and α-amylase inhibitory activities, associated with the antioxidant properties of , justify its use in the treatment of diabetes in traditional medicine and highlight its potential introduction into antidiabetic drugs.
瓦尔精油作为一种认知增强剂和治疗记忆力减退的药物正变得越来越受欢迎。它富含天然抗氧化剂，具有解痉、防腐、止痛、镇静和抗炎特性。其水提取物具有降血糖活性，用于治疗糖尿病性高血糖，但很少有研究关注它。这项工作的目的是评估瓦尔叶水提取物的各种生物学和药理作用。首先对植物材料进行质量控制。随后对叶水提取物进行植物化学研究，即植物化学筛选以及总多酚、黄酮类化合物和缩合单宁含量的测定。然后，开展生物学活性研究，特别是抗氧化活性（总抗氧化活性和DPPH°自由基捕获）和抗菌活性。该提取物的化学成分也通过HPLC-MS-ESI进行了测定。最后，在淀粉或D-葡萄糖负荷过重的正常大鼠体内评估了α-淀粉酶的抑制作用以及降血糖作用。通过叶煎煮获得的水提取物含有246.51±1.69毫克没食子酸当量/克干提取物、23.80±0.12毫克槲皮素当量/克干提取物和2.46±0.08毫克儿茶素当量/克干提取物。其总抗氧化能力约为527.03±5.95毫克抗坏血酸当量/克干提取物。在浓度为5.81±0.23微克/毫升时，我们的提取物能够抑制50%的DPPH°自由基。此外，它对[具体细菌名称1]显示出杀菌作用，对[具体真菌名称1]、[具体真菌名称2]、[具体真菌名称3]、[具体真菌名称4]显示出杀真菌作用，对[具体真菌名称5]显示出抑菌作用。我们的提取物记录到显著的降血糖活性（曲线下面积 = 54.84±4.88克/升/小时），以及在体外（半数抑制浓度 = 0.99±0.00毫克/毫升）和体内（曲线下面积 = 51.94±1.29克/升/小时）对α-淀粉酶的显著抑制作用。此外，其化学成分显示主要化合物有37.03%的迷迭香酸、7.84%的槲皮素鼠李糖苷、5.57%的香叶木素芸香糖苷、5.51%的儿茶素二聚体和4.57%的没食子儿茶素。与瓦尔的抗氧化特性相关的降血糖和α-淀粉酶抑制活性证明了其在传统医学中用于治疗糖尿病的合理性，并突出了其引入抗糖尿病药物的潜力。
